TYPE OF ACTION
2
+ cont.
UNAVOIOABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS
9.44. Lagoon
dispasal of sail
AVOIDABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS
Temporary impacts to water
°
column and benthic eco-
MEASURES TO AVOID OR REDUCE
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Migration of turbidity and
Locate disposal site where currents
valuable ecological areas
valuable ecosystems
will not carry plumes toward
suspended sediments toward
systems
Temporary water quality
impacts and sedimentation
Disposal in semi-confined craters
Disturbance or destruction
of important coral and
fish habitat
Aggravated shoreline ero-
Minimize causeway width and length
ches and along causeway
Ciguatera fish paotsoning
outbreaks at sites of
causeway construction
currents (armor rock, filter clath)
Monitor toxic algae and fish and
warn islanders if and when fish
a
potential soil disposal
sites
additional radioactivity
° Permanent loss of coral and
subsistence fishery habitat
under the causeway
Loss and potential poisoning
of fish
Disturbance to additional
reef habitat from circulation changes
Ecological and water quality
disturbance from heavy
equipment operation and
other construction activity
Decreased circulation and
degraded water quality in
*
eastern Bikini lagoon
Reduced migration of shellfish
and finfish between ocean and
lagoon side of causeway
Due to high volume of
Proper design of shoreline of
causeway to prevent erosion from
sion near island approa-
and quarrying
paisoning is imminent
Place armor rock and filter cloth
° prior to filling operations
Use heavy equipment that minimizes
disturbance
Major turbidity and sedimentation during filling opera-
tions
Significant blockage of
circulation and stagnation
in the eastern lagoon
Significant blockage of
migratory routes of
°
Select construction corridors and
o
truct a causeway
between Bikini &
Eneu [slands
Conduct current and model studies to
access points to minimize impacts
estimate maqnitude of impact and
need for culverts and bridges
Install many culverts and large
aquatic species
Loss of valuable habitat
at quarry sites
°
armor rock requirements,
loss and disturbance of reef
bridge openings at reqular
intervals along the causeway
Locate quarry sites away from sandy
areas and valuable coral areas
Design quarry holes to enhance
flat habitat at quarry sites
Causeway instability during
major storms, causing
additional sedimentation
fishery populations
tilling, mixing or place-
obtained (sites not yet
ment of soil, fertilizers,
or conditioners, that may
identified)
9.8.9. Bredg-
be excessive
Unspecified impacts at
site where soi! obtained
Turbidity and sedimentation
ing lagoon
sediments as a
source of soil
Dust control measures,
Measures may be needed
impacts once the site
techniques to collect
soil are identified
Oust emissions during
Unspecified impacts at the site
where replacement soil is
sedimentation basins on land to
prevent overflow and damage to
causing significant ecolo.gical damage at discharge
lic dredge or at clamsheil/
end af hydraulic dredge
Significant damage or
destruction of coral, fish
and shellfish habitat at
dredging sites
Ciguatera fish poisoning
bucket dredge site
Damage and destruction of
reef or lagoon floor habitat
at dredge sites
Loss and poisoning of fish
aquatic resources
Use silt curtains at dredging site
Locate dredging sites away from
valuable coral and fish areas
Locate dredging sites where
currents will not carry plumes to
valuable areas
4onttor toxic alqae and fish and warn
islanders if and when fish
poisoning is imminent
Minimize replacement fill and
associated dredging requirements
outbreaks at dredge and
°
discharge sites
9.8.9. Dredging lagoon
*
Turbidity and sedimentation
°
at cutterhead end of hydrau-
gical damage at discharge
end af hydraulic dredge
bucket dredge site
Damage and destruction of
Significant damage or
destruction of coral,
reef or lagoon floor habitat
*
at dredge sites
Loss and poisoning of fish
Turbidity and sedimentation
causing significant ecolo-
lic dredge or at clamshell/
sediments as a
source of soil
a
fish
and shelifish habitat at
dredging sites
Ciguatera Fish poisoning
outbreaks at dredge and
discharge sites
as needed
to control
and
replacement
Convey discharge sturry into
Turbidity and sedimentation
at cutterhead end of hydrau-
o
9.B. Replacement of Soil
9.8). Off-atoll
sources of soi}
conditioners or
fertilizers
-
Exposing food chain ta
Dredging access ways to
9.As. Cons-
such as Bravo
Use turbidity curtains during
disposa! operations
Bag, solidify or otherwise
immobilize sot! prior to disposal
Locate disposal sites away from
valuable coral and fish habitat,
preferably over radioactive “hot
spots”
Chocse sites where dredging and
filling for access is not required
°
TABLE
*
Convey discharge slurry into
sedimentation basins on land to
prevent overflow and damage to
aquatic resources
Use silt curtains at dredqing site
Locate dredging sites away from
valuable coral and fish areas
Locate dredging sites where
currents will not carry olumes. to
valuable areas
Monitor taxic algae and fish and warn
‘islanders if and when fish
poisoning i$ imtinent
Minimize replacement fil} and
associated dredging requirements
E-2c