+5 shee . * ao —~ 12 —~1 2 iG - 3.5 | - i -3 an : ~~ 2 my — _ SY 6- c [ ok 5 4 46 | : 10 15 LCG mg 34168 mg CREATININE Figure 47. Urinary BAIB excretion (mg-8-amino-iso-butyric acid per mg creatinine) versus body load of Cs- * (uC), Rongelap inhabitants, 1959. 0.06; unexposed, 2.10 0.04). A scatter plot of Cs*** levels and BAIB levels shows no correlation (Figure 47), and neither does a similar plot between Zn* levels and BAIB levels. The mean BAIB excretion level for 18 Micronesians, who were on Utirik at the time of the atomic explosion and therefore not exposed to significant radiation, was 2.21 40.13, which is extremely close to the mean value for the Rongelapese. Among the Utrik people 83% were high excretors, which is not significantly different from the Rongelap group percentage. A numberof complete families are in- cluded in the Rongelap sample (i.e., father, mother and at least one child); of these the highexcretor by high-excretor matings are the only ones providing significant genetic information. There were |1 such matings with a total of 31 offspring (29 high excretors and 2 low excretors). One of the low excretor offspring wasillegitimate, as determined by. blood group data, but the other remains as an unexplained exception to generic hypothesis. Rubini et al.?* have recently demonstrated thats BAIB excretion can be a sensitive indicator of radiation exposure. The mechanism involved ts - probably the same as that underlying the effect of nitrogen mustard on BAITB excretion.** Such agents markedly increase DNA breakdown; the thymine thus released is effectively converted to 1185593 * BAIB in mai:****and excretediinurine, sincexQe appreciable teBitar reabsorption ofBAIB Gc- curs.**It ig unlikely 1that the high incidence of high’ BAIB excretors jin Rongelap is due.to radiation. The identical "average BAIB valuesin the exposed and unexposed groups preclude the possibility that the elevation is due to the fallout exposure in 1954, and it appears that radiation exposure (at the levels received at Romgelap) has no long-term effect on,BALB exeretion. The lackof correlationwath tl 47 and Zn°°-body burdens rules againstthe elevation being dueto the present retained iiernalradiation. Thenearly identical values in thé-Uttrtk growpwho received a yery smaltdose of radiation, and who havemuch lower body burdens of radionuclides, is also consistent withthe thesis that a high incidence of thegene undeflying B-amino-éso-butyric aciduria Is re+ sponsible for the observed BAIB excretion rai The expression of the normal geneticdifference probablydue-to;differential metabotistn of BAIB by high and bow excgetors.** The level ofBAIBexgretion among‘thear shaltese is the | nig -reported for any populaon, Bipod group aaa other anthrépological data on these people suggest a Southeast Asiatic origin; if this is true, a high BAIB level can be predicted for the populations of that region. Studies of some Asiatic populations have given

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