l4 finger has been noted previouslyin children in the unexposed group, but not in children of exposed parents. Miscarriages and Stillbirths During the past year two questionable miscar- riages occurred in the exposed women. and two miscarriages and one other questionable one occurred in the unexposed women. Thus. during the past two vears the incidence of miscarriage appears to be no greater tn the exposed than in the unexposed women, and the previously reported suggestive increase in incidence in the exposed women is no longer apparent. Unfortunatelyit was not possible to have a physician examine the products of miscarriage. Ilinesses There were few major illnesses reported in the Rongelap population during the past year. Two unexposed people were hospitalized for surgical procedures: No. 867. as mentioned above, had her Fallopian tubestied following severe post-partum hemorrhage, and No. 855 had a hemorrhoidecto- that improper preparation mayresult in the type of sickness described. During the interviewthe health aide admitted that some of the people had at times eaten coconut crabs in spite of the fact that they had been re- quested not to. Since the individuals involved were not named, it was not possible to attempt to correlate Sr" urinary levels with crab ingestion. ADULT EXAMINATIONS Table 3 shows the various abnormalities noted in the exposed and unexposed adult population examined. In Appendix 6 the variousclinical find- ings are enumeratedfor each individual. Certain abnormalities such as moderate to severe arteriosclerosis and cataracts showed a higher percentage incidence in the exposed group: however, the increases in both cases were likelv related to the larger percentage of older people in the exposed group. In the exposed group 20°. of the adults were >>65 years of age compared with 7°. of the unexposed adults. Taking this into consideration, 1t does not appear that the abnor- epidemics of disease occurred in the population, and the dispensary record of the health aide malities in the two groupsare verydifferent, and no evidence of anvincreased incidence of degenerative diseases or other diseases is apparent in the atorvinfecuons including a notable number of exposed group (No. 57, F, age 107; No. 46, Mf. age my: recovery in both cases was uneventful. No showed the usual number of cases of upper respircases of acute bronchitis. Gastroenteritis wasfre- quent as noted in the past. A number of cases of ottus media and skin infections including the prevalent fungus and impetigenouslesions were treated, and also a small numberof minor wounds and injuries. In spite of the complaint at the village meeting of sickness from eating fish, the health aide reported no cases of fish poisoning during the past vear. He did report that several members of a few families had developed a sickness 8 to 24 hours after eating arrowroot flour (as mentioned at the village meeting). The affected people developed inflammation and burning of the mucous membranes of the mouth which persisted for about a week. Several also had diarrhea of one-day duration shortly after eating the flour. These illness oc- curred at two separate umes, in June and September 1960. Since most families were not sick from eating the arrowrootflour, it was concluded that in the families in which sickness developed the Hlour had not been properly prepared. It is known exposed group. Several of the older people in the 86; No. 55, M, age 82; No. 36, F. age 78: and No. 28, F, age 73) showed markedinfirmitiesof old age with such findings as arteriosclerotic heart disease, kyphoscoloisis, osteoarthritis, and cataracts with blindness and had to beassisted to the examination room. Only two unexposed people were in this age bracket (No. 862, M, age 88 and No. 946. M. age 85). They showed similar infirmities, but could walk alone. Cancer Detection Survey Examinations as thorough as possible under field conditions were carried out for the detection of malignancy. All tumors including presumabiy benign tumors were recorded. No malignant lesions were detected in either the exposed or unexposed groups. Pelvic examinations were carried out on the sexually mature females (except when pregnant). Cervical erosions, lacerations, and prolapse were noted with great frequency. Papanicolaou'sstaining was done on vaginal and cervical smears.