PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (Np) DENTISTRY (Nd) Adhesion in Biological Systems (28-29 Dec.) Arranged by Richard S$. Manly (Tufts University School of Dentistry). Strong cohesive and adhesive bonds between cells are probably required for survival of land animals. These are properties needed in the fibers in a tendon and in the at- tachment between tendons and bones. Some marine organisms, such as barnacles, show abilities to form strong adhesive bonds. These bonds can be formed promptly under water to such inert surfaces as Teflon. If the mechanism of biological adhesion could be ap- Absorption, Distribution; Metabolism, and Excretion of Therapeutics (30 Dec.) Lee H. MacDonald, William F. Bousquet, H. Patrick Fletcher, and John G. Wagner. Section Np Distinguished Lecture (30 Dec.) James L. Goddard, Safety and Efficacy in Our Environ- ment. AGRICULTURE (0) plied by practitioners of the healing arts, there would be several benefits. Adhesives are being developed to fasten tissues together, and to bond tissues to organic and inorganic substances. Such properties are valuable to surgeons as substitutes for sutures, and to dentists for restora- tion of oral hard-tissue lesions. The topic, “Adhesion in Biological Systems,” was chosen to seek an interdisciplinary program that might cause sharing of knowledge about adhesion that is known only within unrelated disciplines. Certain scientists in physics, chemistry, zoology, botany, engineering, medical science, pharmacy, and dentistry, have special knowledge regarding adhesion, and others in these fields have an interest and a need to extend their understanding of mechanisms of adhesion. The emphasis on adhesion in biological systems may cause the scientists and engineers who have studied adhesion so thoroughly in nonbiological systems to become interested in the mechanism by which biological adhesion is so successful in the presence of moisture. Three phases are involved in the cementation of one solid to another. The symposium begins with systems where all three phases are of biological origin, such as adhesion among cells in vivo and continues through the two biological phases, involving cementation of living tissues. Next follows systems where only one phase is of biological origin, such as in restorations to be cemented to teeth, or in adhesive bandages. The program also places emphasis on adhesion that takes place and remains effective in the presence of moisture. This again focuses attention on the mechanisms for adhesion which have meaning for the biological and clinical applications of adhesion. There have been excellent symposia on the theory and action of adhesives commonly used for bonding surfaces of paper, wood, or metal. This program has scarcely any overlap with such symposia because of our emphasis on adhesion in the presence of moisture. This program is more concerned with the theories of adhesion, especially Education for the Crises in Food and Natural Resources (27-29 Dec.) Arranged by Richard E. Geyer (Commission on Education in Agriculture, National Research Council). The Challenges Ahead. Directions for Undergraduate and Graduate Programs in Agriculture and Natural Resources. Education and Worldwide Agricultural Productivity. Education and the Natural Resource Renewal, Use, and Preservation. Improving Interinstitutional and Interdisciplinary Rela- tionships. The Future Role and Character of Technician Education Programs. The crises in world food supply and in natural resource conservation continue to unfold. Whether major catas- trophes can be averted may depend in large part on the education of future scientists, as well as the education of the technologists and technicians whose endeavors com- plement and supplement the scientists’ efforts. Major long- range issues in higher education in agriculture and natural resources will be explored. Russell E, Larson, George L. Mehren, Charles E. Palm, Thomas Ware, and Stephen C. Smith. Richard H, Bohning, Franklin E. Eldridge, F. N. Andrews, Robert W. Hougas, and Keith McFarland. N. C. Brady, Charles M. Hardin, Ralph W. Cummings, Leonard D. Baver, and Erven J. Long. R. Keith Arnold, Carl H. Stoltenberg, Louis F. Twardztk, George Sprugel, and Norman A. Berg. T. C. Byerly, E. J. Kersting, Nash N. Winstead, A. F. Isbell, Lester V. Manderscheid, and J. T. Clayton. A. R. Hilst, Fred W. Manley, David H. Huntington, Seeber C. Tarbell, Melvin E. Jenkins, and H. Brooks James. as they apply to biological systems, than with the nature of adhesives themselves. This avoids chance of the overlap with some excellent reviews that have been prepared on INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE (P) the more narrow field of adhesive dental restorations. Systems Analysis of the City (28 Dec.) Sholom Perlman, Nathan F,. Cardareili, Charles E. Lane, University). Operations research and systems analysis procedures have expanded their realms of applicability in the past decade from the earlier defense and industrial problems. The latest developments lie in applications to problems of Barnet M. Levy, Lester R. Cahn, Leonard Weiss, A. Cecil Taylor, Robert Baier, Elaine Shafrin, W. Zisman, and C. W. Cooper. Peter M. Margetis, Fred Leonard, Surindar N. Bhaskar, Teruo Matsumoto, Ralph W. Phillips, Gilman N. Cyr, Ralph Heiser, James Chen, Henry L. Lee, John D. Galligan, and Anthony M. Schwartz. 1362 Arranged by Burton V. Dean (Case-Western Reserve local government. , SCIENCE, VOL. 158