Sanford A. Lakoff, Fred S. Hoffman, Amitai Etzioni, Edward Friedland, Bruce L. R. Smith, and Albert WohlStetter, Science, Technology, and Political Decision Making (28 Dec.) Arranged by Charles V. Kidd (Federal Council for Science and Technology, Washington, D.C.). No problem of science policy has generated more theoretical issues than that of how to determine rationally how much ought to be invested in science and in technology, and how this investment ought to be divided among fields of science and among efforts to solve important problems. An equally difficult set of issues arises in the practical area: Social Science as Public Policy (30 Dec.) Arranged by Raymond W. Mack (Northwestern University and Russell Sage Foundation). Four papers will address the question of what impact social science research has on policy. We shall look not only at the deliberate and intended application of social science findings in reaching policy decisions, but also at the unintended consequences of social science analysis and the dissemination of results on the data themselves and on the formation and implementation of public policy. Participants will discuss the uses of social science in societal self-analysis and decision-making, some social consequences of research on education and on racial rela- If one knew what to do, what structures and processes are tions, and the reconstruction of social realities in developing areas. involve a complex of technical, economic, social and po- Invited Papers: Metric Association (30 Dec.) best designed to secure effective action? Recent reductions and increases in the budgets of federal agencies accentuate the practical significance of the problems of choice, which litical issues. The symposium will provide an opportunity to discuss the competition for resources among activities designed to reach economic, social and cultural goals, and the processes through which the competition is expressed. Charles V. Kidd, Emmanuel Mesthene, Herbert Roback, Richard Nelson, and Christopher Wright. Workshop on Science and Public Policy (29 Dec.) Arranged by Eugene B. Skolnikoff (M.LT.). This session will be a general discussion, primarily among those concerned with developing university teaching and research in the area of science and public policy. A final detailed agenda will await further discussions at the meetings. Research in Birth Control and Changing Sex Behavior (29 Dec.) Arranged by Ailon Shiloh (University of Pittsburgh). The purpose of this symposium is to present original research data concerning relationships between birth con- trol and changing sex behavior. The symposium will high- light different theoretical and methodological approaches Raymond W. Mack, Amitai Etzioni, Walter L. Wallace, Melvin M. Tumin, and Wendell Bell. Arranged by Douglas V. Frost (Dartmouth Medical School). Fred J. Helgren, James F. Anderson, Frank L. Sheldon, Frank Y. Speight, and Joseph J, Urbancek. Douglas V. Frost, John N. Howard, A. V. Astin and A. G. McNish, John Kincaid, Claiborne Pell, and Louis F. Sokol. Population Trends (30 Dec.) Arranged by Joseph A. Cavanaugh (Agency for International Development) and Dudley Kirk (Stanford University). Parker Mauldin, Paul C. Glick, Stephanie Ventura, Norman B. Ryder, Raymond H. Porvin, Charles Westoff, Joseph A. Cavanaugh, R. T. Ravenholt, Moye Freymann, Robert G. Potter, Ronald Freedman, and Ansley Coale. Religion and Anti-Semitism (27 Dec.) Arranged by Marshall Sklare (Yeshiva University) Speaker: Charles Y. Glock; Panel Discussion: Bernard Spilka, M. P. Strommen, J. J. Vaneko, and J. E. Dittes. to the problem. Two senior authorities in this area of research will evaluate and discuss the papers and their implications. Audience questions and comments have been scheduled following each presented paper and the discussants. Ailon Shiloh, Paul H. Gebhard, Ira L. Reiss, Frederick J. Ziegler, Mary Calderone, and Charles F. Westoff. The Juvenile Court Project: Problems, Progress, and Prospects (28 Dec.) Arranged by Donal E. J. MacNamara (John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York). Short papers will be presented as the basis for evaluation and discussion by members of the project staff. John Martin, Jacob Chwast, Stephen Schafer, John H. Noble, Vittorio Bonomo, James J. Sullivan, Edward Sagarin, and Canio Zarrilli. 8 DECEMBER 1967 HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE (L) The Problem of Statistical Explanation (27 Dec.) The scientific explanation of phenomena by their subscription under general laws is simple if the laws are uni- versal, i.e. if the phenomena covered by them exhibit a uniform pattern. Unfortunately this very rarely happens; more often laws are statistical, i.e. the phendmena exhibit alternative ‘patterns in more or less definite proportions, whether this means an occasional exception or a more nearly equal partition between cases. This raises a num- ber of important philosophical issues, among them the following: (i) are there any genuinely universal laws, and if so are they to be regarded as limiting cases of statisti- cal laws or as different in kind? (ii) is the inductive relation 1359