Dyson, Marvin Kalkstein, Philip M. Farley, Donald G. Brennan, George Rathjens, Adam Yarmolinsky, and Glenn Kent, Crime, Science, and Technology (27-29 Dec.) Arranged by Joseph F, Coates (Institute for Defense Analyses) and James Osterburg (Visiting Professor, School of Criminology, University of California). Topics: Forensics and Criminalistics; New Perspectives in Law Enforcement; Some New Technology in. Law Enforcement; Riots and Urban Mass Violence I; Riots and Urban Mass Violence H; and Panel Discussion on the Ex- panding Role of Science and Technology in Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. Within the next decade, the systematic application of science and technology may well become the dominant theme in law enforcement and the administration of criminal justice. This symposium calis attention to some trends and opportunities for developments in this field and highlights some of the limitations in the expanding involvement of science and technology in criminal justice. Scientific crime detection is one of the oldest and best established applications of science to law enforcement. But this field is not stagnant. The first session will review the present state-of-the-art from a number of points of view and highlight the dominant themes now unfolding. Three new perspectives in the system of criminal justice will be considered in the second session. Local control of law enforcement as a major, if not necessary, feature in the preservation of democratic order in the United States is a widely and steadfastly held belief. Comparative studies may shed significant light on the feasibility, advantages, and risks in alternate organizations and approaches. Contemporary economic techniques have been sparsely applied to law enforcement, in part, for want of adequate measures, i.e., quantifiable criteria of success and failure. Progress is being made, measures are being developed, so that the methods of economists may become as powerful tools in law enforcement as they are in the civilian and military sectors. The more immediate problems of allocating limited resources at the disposal of any police force and some attempts at the rational solution of this problem will be discussed. Communication and identification are perennial, major concerns of the police. Voiceprints and voice individuality are typical of new areas in technology applied to law enforcement, while the combination of identification and communication techniques is exemplified in the novel development of the New York State Intelligence and Identification System. The prospect for controlling narcotics addiction through science will be discussed in terms of recent legislation. Non-lethal weapons and other technological developments offer promise in moderating violence in law enforcement. ; Games, including various forms of playacting and roletaking are emerging as a potentially major technique for rehabilitation, crime prevention, personnel selection, and training, The past summers of violence have evoked practical and theoretical interest in rioting and urban mass violence. A cross section of investigators will present, from their personal and professional perspectives, what is known or 1346 could be made known on the origin, development, proliferation, prevention, and extinguishment of urban mass violence. A distinguished panel, representing complementary per-— spectives of law enforcement, criminal justice, and science will discuss the opportunities and risks inherent in the expanding role of science and technology in law enforcement and criminal justice. James Osterburg, Ralph Turner, Paul L. Kirk, Walter C. McCrone, Michael Bayard, Cyril Wecht, Charles Petty, and Alexander Joseph. Joseph F. Coates, Raymond Galvin, Gordon Misner, Richard B. Hoffman, Robert Riggs, and W. Michael Ma- honey. Cecil Frost, Charles Kingston, Paul Veillette, Charles Robinson, Daniel Glaser, Regina Herzlinger, and Robert Rea. Louis Masotti, Allen Grimshaw, John Spiegel, and Maier Tuchler, Elliott Rudwick, James Laue, Joseph Lohman, and Thomas Tomlinson. James Scheuer, Alfred Blumstein, Sanford Garelik, John Pemberton, and Daniel H. Watts. Marine Science (27-28 Dec.) Arranged by Arthur E. Maxwell (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and Edward Wenk, Jr. (National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development). Topics: Marine Science Affairs—Policies and Concepts; National Programs—A Look Toward the Future; Frontiers of Marine Science; and Food from the Sea. The symposium on Marine Science will present a current picture of the diverse activities taking place in this rapidly growing area of science. Thefirst session will concern itself with some of the policies and concepts being discussed within the federal government. Representatives of several of the agencies having major programs in this field will discuss areas to which particular attention is being given, each of which is of prime importance in the national oceanographic program now being formulated. The next session will look at some programs that are developing on a national basis, Education, engineering, prediction, and deep-sea drilling promise to have a significant impact on the future of marine science in this country. There will be a session devoted to two research programs that have captured the imagination of many marine scientists: ocean variability and the hypothesis of sea floor spreading. Most of the historical work in oceanography has been directed toward the determination of what one might call an average picture of the ocean. We have now reached a stage where our present knowledge and technology allow us to look into the deviations from this average condition, and results of this work are proving to be extremely interesting. The sea floor spreading hypothesis is based on the results of many different observations that have been made on the mid-ocean rises and ridges. As is often the case, these results are open to different interpretations, and cases both for and against sea floor spreading will be presented. The last session concerns the possibility of using the living resources of the sea to provide protein-rich food for the undernourished areas of the world. Federal programs that SCIENCE, VOL. 158