Subject Categories: 220900 -- Radiation Effects on Animals -- Man 560151* -- Nuclear Reactor Technology -- Reactor Safety 210300 -- Power Reactors, Nonbreeding, Graphite Moderated INIS Subject Categories: B3110* -- Radioactive materials monitoring & transport t C5100 10/5/380 02341778 -- Actual Accidents (Item 80 from file: . 103) AIX-20-041027; EDB-89-087746 ‘ Title: Bikini accident and Chernobyl accident Author(s): Nishiwaki, Y.; Tschirf, E.; Hefner, A. (ed.) Affiliation: Kinki Univ., Higashi-Osaka, Osaka (Japan). Atomic Energy Research Inst. Title: 4. European congress and 13. regional congress of IRPA. 20 years experience in radiation protection - a review and outlook Corporate Source: Oesterreichischer Verband fuer Strahlenschutz Vienna (Austria) (OeVS), Conference Title: 4. European congress and 13. regional congress of the International Radiation Protection Association Conference Location: Salzburg, Austria Conference Date: 15 Sep 1986 Publication Date: Nov 1988 p 786-790 Report Number(s): OEVS-Mitteilung-1988; CONF-860969- Order Number: DE89613806 Document Type: Analytic of a Report; Conference literature Language: English Journal Announcement: ERA8900 Availability: NTIS (US Sales Only), PC A99/MF AOl - OSTI; Subfile: ERA Exchange). (Energy INIS Research Abstracts); ETD (non-US Atomindex input AIX) INIS. (Energy Technology Data Country of Origin: Austria Country of Publication: Austria Abstract: The number of persons evacuated after Chernobyl accident is reported to be about 135000, which is almost comparable to that of the exposed to the atomic bombings at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. However, in case of atomic bombing, the whole body gamma and neutron radiation is received in an extremely short time, possibly of the order of some nano seconds. In addition, they received strong effects of blast waves, thermal radiation, and other toxic chemicals released to the environment due to destruction of various facilities by bombing. In case of Chernobyl accident, the whole body gamma radiation is received in a much longer time, possibly of the order of some hours, by the evacuees. The dose rate would be greatly different. In this respect, the accidental exposure to the strongly radioactive fallout at Bikini accident in 1954 may be more similar to the case of Chernobyl accident. The author makes some comparison of these cases, because of his involvement in investigation of the past radioactive fallout as observed in Japan. The radioactivity due to Chernobyl accidertt reached Japan at about 8 days after the accident. The volatile radionuclides such as I 131, Cs 137 were predominant. The radioactivity ratio Cs 137/Cs 134 was about 2. In case of Bikini H-bomb test, all radioactivities are released instantaneously and radioactivities of non-volatile as well as volatile elements were observed. 2 figs. Descriptors: COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS Broader Terms: ACCIDENTS; DOSES; ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS; EXPLOSIONS; GRAPHITE MODERATED REACTORS; ISLANDS; LWGR TYPE REACTORS; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MICRONESIA; OCEANIA; POPULATIONS; POWER REACTORS; REACTORS; THERMAL REACTORS; WATER COOLED REACTORS Subject Categories: 560151* -- Radiation Effects on Animals -- Man 220900 -- Nuclear Reactor Technology -- Reactor Safety 210300 -- Power Reactors, Nonbreeding, Graphite Moderated INIS Subject Categories: B3110* -- Radioactive materials monitoring & transport AeCtTAN A at-.-— 7 Remmi Ann 9003113 Major Descriptors: *BIKINI -- NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS; *CHERNOBYLSK-4 REACTOR -REACTOR ACCIDENTS; *HUMAN POPULATIONS -- RADIATION DOSES; *NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS -- FALLOUT; *RBEACTOR ACCIDENTS -- FALLOUT