effects of ionizing radiation Author(s) /Editor(s): Conference Title: Stigbrand, ionizing radiation Conference Location: Umeaa Publisher: Umeaa (Sweden) Publication Date: Report Number(s): ISBN: T. (ed.) 15. Berzelius symposium on somatic and genetic effects of (Sweden) Conference Date: Umeaa Univ. 1989 p 167-176 CONF-8811322-- 10-11 Nov Loss (187 p) - 91-7626-088-7 Document Type: Analytic of a Book; Conference Literature Language: In English Journal Announcement: EDB9011 Subfile: ETD (Energy Technology Data Exchange). SWDN DOE from) ) (Sweden / (sent to US DOE Project/NonDOE Project: NP Country of Origin: Sweden Country of Publication: Sweden Abstract: There are many types of uncertainties involved in the estimation of risks or dose-effect relationships under emergency conditions, However, they may be divided into two major categories: uncertainty due to randomness and that due to fuzziness. The conventional methods of treating uncertainty are to apply statistical methods of estimation, which are, in turn, based upon the concept of probability. Even in cases where the source of uncertainty is of non-statistical nature, formal application of statistical methods of analysis is often made to deal quantitatively with uncertainty, tacitly accepting the premise that uncertainty - whatever its nature - can be equated with randomness. Most of the work on risk analysis or risk assessment has been done using such methods. In the fuzzy set concept set uncertainties are accepted as uncertain with the introduction of the membership function. Instead of the non-fuzzy two-valued logic ‘true or false’ any intermediate value between zero (false) and one (true) can be assumed for the membership function in the fuzzy set theory. Use of the fuzzy set theory is proposed in an attempt to analyse the causal relation between dose and effects under emergency conditions. After the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Bikini Accident many efforts have been made to estimate the dose of survivors. However, because of various uncertainties involved in this type of estimation under the emergency conditions, the accurate estimation of the individual dose is very difficult. It was recently reported that ESR dosimetry could be applied to estimate the radiation doses of the individual using the enamel of the teeth of the survivors or material such as shell-button, sugar etc. found on the person. (author). Major Descriptors: *DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS -- PROBABILISTIC ESTIMATION Descriptors: BIKINI; HIROSHIMA; NAGASAKI; RISK ASSESSMENT Broader Terms: ASIA; ISLANDS; JAPAN; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MICRONESIA; OCEANIA Subject Categories: 10/5/362 02853844 655003* -- Medical Physics -- Dosimetry (Item 62 from file: 103) NOV-90-005482; EDB~90-071083; Title: Clean-up of a radioactive spill Bikini Atoll Author(s): Fish, W. (Oregon Graduate Center, Beaverton, OR (US)) Proceedings of the 1987 Pacific Northwest metals and minerals conference (abstracts) Conference Title: Pacific Northwest metals and minerals conference Conference Location: Portland, OR (USA) Conference Date: 26-28 Apr 1987 Publisher: Albany, Publication Date: Report Number(s): OR (USA) Albany Research Center 1987 p 33 (60 p) CONF -8704166-- Document Type: Analytic of a Book; Language: In English Conference Literature Journal Announcement: EDB9010 Availability: Albany Research Center, Albany, OR 97321-2198 (USA) 1450 Queen Ave. SW 9003694 Title: INS-90-013407 Soil chemistry and the lessons of (Bureau of Mines),