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Measurements of the exposure rate at 1 m above the ground will be made
with the Nal scintillator at each of the soil sampling locations on both
islands. The ionization chamber will be primarily used for measurements
within the central section of Bikini Island with additional measurements
to be made at selected areas. Thus, from this program a comprehensive
picture of the gamma-ray exposure rates will be available for both
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Bikini-Ground Water Program
Purpose: To establish a network of well locations on Bikini and Eneu
Islands in order to assess the ground water quality and to systematically
study the hydrology and geochemisty of radionuclides, major and trace
elements in the ground water system. Water movement and residence times
will be assessed to deduce the transport rates and mechanisms

nuclides deposited in the soil zone or taken up by vegetation.

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Methods and Measurments

Approximately 7 holes will be drilled with a ground power auger at

selected locations along the centerlines of Bikini and Eneu Islands.

Pits will be dug with a backhoe to a maximum depth since the ground

water reservoir surface will be approximately 2 meters below the ground

surface. We must emphasize that the progress of this program will be
seriously hampered if a backhoe is not available to support our effort.
The auger will penetrate the ground water lens to a depth of approximately

3 to 5 feet. Each hole will be cased with slotted 2" diameter PVC pipe

and the pipe will be extended to the soil surface. The pit will be backfilled to essentially provide no environmental impact on the area.

The first hole will be located near the island center. The salinity
of the water will be measured with an in-situ conductivity probe. Two
holes will then be drilled to bracket the center hole and the salinity
will be measured in each. We will continue drilling up to 7 holes on
each island proceeding in the direction toward the freshest indicated
ground water; this will provide the maximum number of well sites having
the freshest water for potential utilization. Water will be pumped from
the wells,

filtered, and sampled.

Radionuclides, major elements, nutri-

ents, and bacteria measurements will be made at the laboratory to provide
data for wate1 quality. Specific wells (to be defined in the field) will
be pumped continuously over a day and serially sampled to follow the
changes in water ouality as a function of usage. Recommendations will be
made on the potential usefulness of the ground water reservoir for agri-

culture, household, or drinking purposes. Two closely spvaced. wells, located
in high Cs13? disturbed soil columns on the local ground water quality.

Soil leaching and lvsimeter experiments are also rlanned. The well locations, drilling, and sampling, however, are our first priorities during
the two weeks allotted for this program.

DOE ARCHIVES

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