em em” cee Neg 29 graph. The data are handled somewhatdifferently this year: because of certain differences noted in age and sex groups between the exposed and the unexposed, in addition to the comparisons of mean levels for entire groups, comparisons are also made for the age and sex groups of age 7 to 15, 16 to 40, and >40 years. The data are summarized in Tables 12 and 13 and in Figures 34 to 50. In Appendices i and 2 are presented summaries of the mean blood counts of the exposed population and the various comparison populations since exposure in March 1954. In Appendix 3 are listed the individual blood counts for 1961. It should be noted that in 1960 only the classified according to age and sex, andin thescattergram (Figure 36) showing the larger numberof individual counts below rather than above the mean line of the unexposed. A cumulative percentage distribution curve of counts combining the youngerand older males (Figure 38) shows the curve for exposed males definitely displaced to the left of the curve for unexposed males of the same age groups. Amongthe females, only in the older group were the neutrophils slightly depressed (see Figures 35 and 37). In groups aged 15 to 40 years, both sexes showedslightly higher neutrophillevels than unexposed people of the same age. complete data on both exposed and unexposed groups are for 1959. In Appendix 4 the individual alkaline phosphatase and basophil counts are As with neutrophils, the exposed population at large showeda slight (6.3%) deficit of lymphocytes compared with the unexposed population (see Table 12 and Figure 39). Among the males, only the younger age group showed slightly lowerlevels, while the three female groupsall showed lower levels. This may be seen in the histogram (Figure 35), the scattergrams(Figures 40 and 41), and the cumulative percentage distribution curve (Figure exposed group were examined; therefore, the last presented. eeee Leukocytes The mean leukocyte levels in 1961 were somewhat below the 1959 levels in the population at large, while both exposed groups(the only groups examined in 1960) showed a slight increase over the 1960 level. Changing neutrophil and lymphocyte mean levels were generally parallel. As will be brought out, a slight deficit in both neutrophils and lymphocytes in certain age groups of the more heavily exposed Rongelap people largely accounted for the lower leukocyte levels. The Ailingnae group (69 r) showed about the samelevels of the ' various leukocytes as the unexposed group. The meanlevel of leukocytes in the exposed Rongelap people (175 r) was about 6% below thatin the unexposed group. The percentagedistribution of the various white cell levels in all groups was not very different from that previously reported. Table 12 and Figure 34 show leukocyte levels, Neutrophils The mean neutrophil count for the exposed population wasslightly (7.3%) below the mean count of the unexposed comparison population. (See Table 12 and Figure 34.) However, examination of the mean counts by age and sex groups made it apparent that the deficit was largely accountedfor in the young (age 7 to 15) and older males (age >40 years). This is demonstrated in the histogram (Figure 35) showing the percentage differences in the exposed and unexposed groups Lymphocytes 42). Eosinophils, Monocytes, and Basophils These all showed slightly lower levels than in 1959. The levels of monocytes and eosinophils in the exposed group were somewhat lower than in the unexposed group. As has been noted previously, eosinophil counts >5% of the total white count were commonin both groups. Platelets The meanlevels of platelets in the various age groups in both exposed and unexposed populations were about the same as two years previously (see Table 12 and Figure 43). However, the level in the exposed group as a whole, as in the past, remained below the unexposed level by about 12%. Age distribution scattergrams for the individualplatelet counts in both males and females of the exposed population showed more counts below than above the unexposed mean curves(see Figures 44 and 45). This was also borne out by comparison of the cumulative distribution curves of the exposed and unexposed populations, theformer showing a continued displacementto theleft (Figure 46). The platelet levels showed most depression in the exposed male groups of ages 7 to 15 cmaUES Qj u} [: i ’ toad EERIE a ASEAER wer Aa ae Ee “= ° RE — I ." IR A ™ SE Te cn oo 7 EErea sete ae ww * eg