18 over a 6-year period in the exposed population represent 48 per 1000, and the 20 births over a 4-year period for the unexposed population represent a rate of 62 per 1000. The fourzn utero irradiated children did not show any abnormalities nor have they shown any impairmentof growth and development. been observed in 1957 in the children, when about 10 had night blindness associated with vitamin A deficiency.® The improvement may be duein part to the argicultural program ontheisland resulting in the availability of papaya and squash. The usual numberof skin infections and fungusdis- eases was noted, as was the usual incidence of impetigo in the children. PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS PEDIATRIC EXAMINATIONS At the times of the 1959 and 1960 surveysof the Marshallese, the people appearedto be generally in a state of good health and nutrition. There was The numbers of children seen during the 1958, 1959, and 1960 surveys are summarized in Vable 5. In the limited 1960 survey, only the body meas- no indication of vitamin deficiencies such as had Table 5 Numbers of Children Examined in 1958, 1959, and 1960 In 1960 Exposed 35 Nonexposed with exposed parents Nonexposed, Rongelap Nonexposed, Majuro 10 51 0 Uuirik 0 In 1959 In 1958 34 39 20 82 15 In 1958 but not in.1959 5 (5)* 13 88 20 60 0 16 (3) 6 (2) 0 0 In 1959 but not in 1958 0 7 10 1 60 In 1959 but not in 1960 0 10 34 (2) 15 60 *Numbers in parentheses are numbers of children not examined who had becomeadults or near-adults since the preceding survey. Table 6 Summary of Physical Findings on Children, 1959 Chronic impetigo (active) Molluscum contagiosum we Tinea versicolor Chronic otitis media . Paipable liver Under 3 cm Over 3 cm Cervical nodes Axillary nodes Rheumatic heart disease, inactive Vitiligo Cheilosis Asthma Loss of hearing, unilateral Elevated blood pressure** Obesity in girls >10 years of age** *Number examined. Exposed Rongelap (34)* Nonexposed with exposed parents (20) Nonexposed Rongelap (82) Nonexposed Mayjuro (15) 10 0 2 0 7 1 0 0 25 6 0 4 0 0 2 0 4 5 14 8 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 15 11 36 13 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 8 3 0 1 1 0 0 0/20 1/4 0/36 0/7 0/8 **Utirik group showednoelevated blood pressure in 58 children examined, and an incidenceof obesityin girls > 10 years of age of 7/16.