The medical survey of the Marshallese people who had been exposed to radioactive fallout in 1954 was carried out in March, 1966, 12 years after the accident. The medical team consisted of four members sponsored by Brookhaven National Laboratory (2 physicians and 2 technicians) and four from the Trust Territory (1 physician, 1 practitioner, and 2 technicians). Dynamic demographic data were obtained at each island, and examinations of exposed people included interval medical histories, complete physical examinations (emphasis on thyroid and cancer surveys), routine hematological studies, urine analyses, x-rays of childrens' wrists and hands for growth data and other x-rays as indicated; thyroid uptake and excretion studies, and thyroid scans (using 1'3?) in selected cases with thyroid abnormalities. Medical treatment was given to those who needed it. There were 176 exposed people examined, 71 Rongelap and 105 Utirik people located as follows: Group At Majuro Ronge lap At Ebeye At Rongelap At Utirik 7 23 4l - Utirik 12 15 _— 78 Total 19 38 4l 78 * In addition, thyroid examinations were conducted on 194 unexposed people at Rongelap and Utirik, Of main interest were the thyroid findings which are summarized in the attached tables, During the past three years definite nodules of the thyroid gland have been noted in 16 exposed people and hypothyroidism in an additional two cases. All but one case occurred in the more heavily exposed population (55 living of the original 64 people) who received about 175 rads of whole body gamma radiation. soo 101 Seventy-nine percent of these thyroid abnormalities