e e —PAHTERS, Jcg* Task Foe SEVEN Washington 25, D.. appendix III to Annex N Radiological Safety, CJTF SEVEN Opsretion Plan Noe 3-53 HAZARDS RESULTING FROL .TOMIC BOMB EXFLOSIONS i. Nature of Hazards a “hen an atomic bomb explosion occurs, tremendous quantities of energy in 4 variety of forms are released, This energy is propagated outward in deed all directions, b. The immediate reaction is int&nse emission of ultraviolet, visible and infrared (heat) radiation, gamma rays and neutrons. companied by the formation of a large ball of fire. This is ec- A large part of the energy from the explosion is emitted as a shock wave, The ball of fire produces 4 mushroom—sha pped mass of hot gases, the top of which rises rapidily, left, In the trail below the mushroom cap, a thin column is The cloud and colum ére then carried downwind, the direction and speed being determined by the direction end speed of the wind at the var ious levels of air from the surface to baséof mushroom cap. Part of the energy from the explosion results in an ocean surface wave which is considered of minor nature directly to the Task Force. ce. All personnel of tre Task Force will be well outside of the range of all hazard at the time of detonation, except for the light from the fire bali. The light of explosion is so intense that permanent injury to the eye may result from viewing the ball of fire at close range with the naked eye or through binoculers, Ordinary dark glasses will not suffice and al}. personnel who do not have the special protective glasses, which will be issued in limited numbers by CTG 7.1, -mst be facing 180 degrees from the detonation with the eyes closed, d. The emission of dangerous nuclear radiation can de separated into two time periods. The primary radiation which occurs. at the time of the flash is composed ofgamma rays and neutrons. Casualties may result from this primary radiation if the exposure occurs within a certain range of