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2a

In view of the above considerations we would limit the average con-

centrations of various radioisotopes in the total food and water supply of

members of non-occupational groups to one-tenth of the values given in
Table 3, NBS Handbook 52. As far as the welfare of a person eating a radioactive fish is concerned, the amount of radioactivity permitted over a

period of several weeks or months, if uniformly mixed at this concentration
through the total food and water intake, could be taken in a single eating of
fish with no significant difference in effect.

However, since methods of

handling and distributing food make it impractical to determine the average
concentration of radioactivity in individual diets, for administrative reasons

it is desirable to reject individual fish or other items of food which contain

levels of radioactivity materially above the accepted maximum permissible
average level. Since it is sometimes impractical to detect every item which
would be rejected on this basis, it is worth observing that occasional failure
to detect individual items at much hig.ier levels would not be expected to raise

' the average levels of radioactivity in the diets of individual consumers above
maximum permissible levels.
For short periods of time the radioactivity in the diet may be much
higher than the values discussed above without effects on the consumer.
Attached are copies of Bulletin TB-11-8, issued December 1952 by our Federal
Civil Defense Agency, suggesting total activities in water and food supplies
which, it is believed, could be accepted for short periods of time in complete

safety.

Since it is impractical under field conditions to determine the concentrations and the radioisotopic composition of radioactive materials on or in fish

or other items of food, one needs some practical criterion for rapid screening
of items requiring further examination from those which almost certainly meet

established standards. Fast April, as a result of conversations with the
Federal Food and Drug Administration and other federal agencies, the Division
of Biology and Medicine of the United States Atomic Energy Commission suggested

that, as a tewporary standard, individual fish be accepted if the gamma
radiation, measured 5 cm from the surface of the fish, does not exceed 0.1
milliroentgen per hour.

In terms of the response of GoM survey instruments

commonly used in the United States, this corresponds to from 300 to 600 counts

per minute with the tube shielded to exclude beta radiation.

based on thefollowingassumptions:
(1)
(2)

This value was

The radioactivity had been deposited on the outside of the fish

after the fish was taken from the water;

When processed for food, all of the radioactivity deposited on

the ontside of the fish would be retained in the outer two inches

(S om) of flesh;

(3)

The radiation is measured at about two weeks after the explcsion

from which the radioactivity came:

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