subsequent to a detonation, the fallout material can be considered as
peing composed of one or more of the following three componente: (1)
corel, (2) sea water, and (3) device products (DP), By proper choice
of elements, the chemical changes of the constituent compounds of the
packground components need not be considered. The radioactive device
products are treated in other sections.
TABLE 3.12 - Summary of Results for State of Iodine
Shot
1
2
Station
Time After Percentage of
Shot
Todine in
Solid Phase
Percentage of Apparent
Total Gamma Oxidation
Count
State
250.05,250.06,
+ 6 to 7
50=80
ca 5
“1
2-46
+ 2.5 to
ca 0
oa 6
“1
5
-1
0.7
“1
251.02
days
+ 3.5 days
3
Coca Head
+3 days
93
4 |airplene wipe
+16 hr
ca 0
3401
Physical Treatment of
88
The activity of each sample was first measured with a laboratory
survey meter, The liquid fraction, *f any, was then separated from the
solid phase by filtration through a weighed sintered glass frit. The
activity of each phase was again measured, The volume and pl of each
liquid frection was then measured and the weight of solid was determined.
In generel, the samples treeted were portions from the fallout
collectors aliquoted at the site laboratory.
3.Ae2
Chemi
Treatment
of
es
The liquid samples were processed without chemical pre-treatment
whenever possible. The solid fractions were dissolved in nitric acid
which usually diesolved most of the material. Remaining organic residues.
were oxidized by the wet ashing method using perchloric acid as the
oxidising agent. Two such perchloric acid treatments usually gave 4
clear colorless solution.
Chemical analysis of the solid fractions was
done whenever the total solids were greater than 5 mg.
In general, the chemical treatments of the samples were restricted
to a minimum of reagents to prevent as far as possible the addition of
elements eas impurities which were being determined.
The analytical methods for the various elements are summarized
in Tables 3,13 and 3.14. The Beckman flame photometer was specially
designed to permit analysis of radioactive samples without hasard to the
analysts.
The elements Cl, Na, K, lig, Ca, and Sr were designated as
59