PoofRR att numerous islets strung around on the protecting reef. The island of Majuro is located on the southern side; it possesses an excellent harbor and an airfield had been built on it during the war. Majuro was a Japanese possession but was not defended during the war, and so the occupation of the island was relatively peaceful and Majuro became an important advanced naval and air base for subsequent operations supporting the progress of American forces toward the Japanese home islands. Because of its southernly position, Majuro Island presented a more tropical pic- The main street on Rongelap Island. There are no paved roads or vehicles. adequate schools and other facilities were in shocking contrast to the new missile in- stallations. ture than the sandy islands of the northern Marshalls. Landing on the old military air strip in the Navy amphibious plane, the is- land appeared green and verdant with tall, waving palm trees. The headquarters of the Trust Territory was located on Majuro and the only other U. S.installation was a Coast Guard weatherstation. Later, on trips to Majuro, Rongelap and Ponape, it was evident that the way oflife Utilizing several of the old Nissen huts which served as the Majuro Hospital, examinations on about 30 adults and children the Marshall Islands has been completely altered by a series of events over which remained on Majuro after their evacuation of most of the 18,000 natives populating they had no control. First occurred the JaJ- panese occupation and the savage conflicts of World War II which practically destroyed several of the largest islands. Then the ther- monuclear tests on Eneiwetok and Bikini with the subsequentfallout problem. Now the advent of the missile range and the feverish activities of thousands of military and space personnel has created new and even greater difficulties. The Trust Territory officials are well aware of the problems andare struggling manfully to improve conditions. Fundamental projects involving medical care, schools, teachers and agricultural instruction are in progress but are greatly handicapped by grossly inadequate funds. MAJURO Following the examinations on Kwaja- lein, the schedule called for a visit to the island of Majuro. On February 28 the survey team was flown to this island about 200 miles southeast of Kwajalein. Majuro Atoll, the most southern of the Marshalls, is com- posed of the usual lagoon surrounded by November, 1962 S0121 14 a2 were carried out. Some of these natives had from Rongelap in 1954. The examinations were carried out over a two-day period and on March 3rd we flew back to Kwajalein. On the following Monday, March 5, we boarded the 500-ton cargo ship, the Ron Annim, a ship engaged by the Trust Terri- tory to travel around to the various atolls carrying supplies, equipment and passen- gers. The ship also picked up copra collect- ed by the natives which constiiuted the principal source of income for the Marshallese. Also on board were our medical and other supplies and equipment, along with 50 barrels of water and 8 of gasoline. The Ron Annim was a very crowdedship and after we left the protection of the island and proceeded out into the Pacific, things began to get rough. However, most of us were good sailors and by mid-morning the next day Rongelap Atoll was sighted. Navigating the ship through the Pass into Ronge- lap Lagoon was a tricky business and the dark-blue shadows of coral heads indicated trouble if the ship strayed off course. But Captain Don Davis was an expert skipper 29 | 2 I a eREee my

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