At

indicate that if the general public were

during the day to 26 ug/ m? at night,

exposed to dust levels in excess of

Cape Kumukahi the nephelomcter measure-

1 mg/m°, the public healta problem from

ment was 9,2 ug/m>,

The

the dust alone might be enormous,

The greatest amount

of date is available for Mauna Loa Observa-~

reasonableness of the upper limit value

tory.

of 1 mg/m? is also demonstrated by data

3 ug/m?, and the nephelometer measure-

which indicate that nonurban ambient air

ments varied from 1.7 ug/ m? at night to

mass concentrations this high are usually.

6.5 ug/m? during the day,

associated with conditions described as

measurements made by the USAEC Health

dust storms !819.

and Safety Laboratory (HASL) were

Measurements of ambient air mass

Here, the NASN measurement was

3 ug/m?,

Additional

It is of interest in the present

loading can be used to further define a

context that Simpson?" made the following

reasonable estimate for predictive pur-

comment concerning the HASL measure-

poses,

ments:

The National Air Surveillance

"The HASL filter samples contain

Network (NASN) has reported suchresults

substantial dust (3-5 ug/ m° of air sampled)

for several years,

because of the fact that the filter was

Data”? for 1966 show

that there were 217 urban and 30 nonurban

located less than one meter above the

stations reporting,

ground surface near areas with substantial

The annual arithmetic

average for the urban stations ranged

personnel activity at the observatory site. "

from 33 (St, Petersburg, Florida) to

Thus, while this method of measurement

254 ug/m® (Steubenville, Ohio), with a

may not have coincided with Simpson's

mean arithmetic average for al} 217

interest, it does indicate that ambient

stations of 102 ug/m*.

air mass loadings may be very low on

For the nonurban

stations, the range was from 9 (White

such remote islands even when consider-

Pine County, Nevada) to 79 ug/m®* (Curry

able human activity is occurring nearby,

County, Oregon), with a mean arithmetic

On the basis of the above data, it

average for all 30 stations of 38 ug/m>,

would appear reasonable to use a value of

No data in this report are available for

100 ug/m® as an average ambient air

nonurban locations on small islands simi-

mass loading for predictive purposes,

lar to the Enewetak group; perhaps the

Indications are that this value should be

closest analog is the urban station at

quite conservative for the Enewetak

Honolulu,

Islands, and therefore allows room for

Hawali, which had an annual

arithmetic average of 35 ug/m>.

the uncertainty involved because the people

More pertinent, but limited, data have

themselves may generate a significant
fraction of the total aerosol.

Hawaii

the

1, 22 .

locations:

Data are

given for

three

Mauna Loa Observatory

located at a height of 3400 m, Cape
Kumukahi, and the city of Hilo.

NASN

bee

Ca

recently been published for the island of

Thercfore,

.
may be GNposed to higher particulate
eons

sar

a

to:

concentraiions than would be measured by
a stationary sampler,
Supporting evidence that 100 wim? is

data for Hilo (for an unspecified period)

a reasonable value to use for predictive

are given as 18 ug/ my and nephelometer

purposes is provided by the National

.
,
3
measurements varied from 18 upgim

Ambient vir Quality Standards” .

Here

Select target paragraph3