APPENDIX III REVIEW OF RADIATION PROTECTION STANDARDS The Task Group has considered a number of concepts in devising an approach to guidance for cleanup and rehabilitation of Enewetak Atoll, accepting some and rejecting others. Notably, the concept that AEC recommendations should consist of a series of alternatives or fall back positions with the degree or level of radiation exposure reduction ultimately determined by some later deliberation based on factors such as availability of funds was rejected. The consensus of the Task Group opinion was that these recommendations should be specific and unequivocal, and should establish a clear position on whatis needed. To do less would be unfair to the Federal agencies who have accepted responsibilities to perform the rehabilitations and to the Enewetak people who are looking to this agency for advice. The judgement of the Task Group is that rehabilitation must conform with current radiation standards applicable for normal operations (not for accidents or for radiation workers) and with good health physics practice in implementing these standards. A summary of current radia- tion protection standards and material related to health risks that may be associated with the standards reviewed and radiation criteria recommended by the Task Group follows. A. Federal Radiation Council (FRC) Basic FRC numerical guidance and health protection philosophy are similar to those of the ICRPand NCRP. Radiation Protection Guides (RPG's) are provided which deal with exposures of individuals and of population groups. Actions are to be directed primarily toward control of the sources of radioactivity to restrict entry into the environment but also toward control of radioactive materials after entry into the environmer:t in order to limit intake by humans. The RPG's express the dose that should not be exceeded without careful consideration of the reasons for doing so. Every effort should be made to encourage the maintenance of radiation doses as far belowthis guide as practicable. The RPG's are intended for use with normal peacetime operations. There should be no man-made radiation exposure without expectation of benefits from such exposure. Considering such benefits, exposure at the level of the RPGis considered as an acceptable risk for a lifetime. The RPG's for the population are expressed in terms of annual exposure, except for the gonads, where the ICRP recommended value of five rems in 30 years is W-1