178 TRE SHORTER-TERM BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS OF A FALLOUT FIELD METABOLIC STUDIES WITH STRONTIUM-90 Taste I Thedistribution of carrier-free Syin the rhesus monkey after intravenous administration, 35 uC Sr®; Tor ed 135 wO Ca Pate veoldfernale ce Sri %, dose Skull. Rete eee eo nw ee Afandible. § capulae. caries. ee ween A oe in ones .. ee met n iat. . emora..... Radii and fibuloe. . Faeh animal received Tony + Sayremale 242 days postin- ep Sig ash % alose ie ash % STW little value because of the introduction into the cae wee - = wee ee ee eee ee a -- wane ee : wee eee ee wee Patellae. - wee eee cee ee ee eee Cervical and thoracic vertebrae, 2... Lumbar and eaudal vertebrae . 2.0.22... Felvis. rene M a Soft tissue balanee_____ - - 7.7.00 2. 76 1.77 29 - 25 2.00 2. 53 2.93 1. 47 2&8 4,37 1. 82 18 2. 56 4.48 4.50 296 10 - OR Q. 206 - 264 - 204 » 290 + 295 . 278 - 41 - 207 217 . 202 197 - 18h 27 . . « - 224 258 293 106 - OOF : 009 2. 96 1.31 1. 28 31 35 - 90 2.05 2.39 14 L 67 1. 56 1, 20 0. 068 3 + 138 ~ 135 - 125 - 106 -116 - 136 - 134 +148 -U1 122 -35 175 2. 80 874 Oy 127 + OF : ra 0. 50 . 57 - 62 - 57 49 - 63 . 60 - 52 48 » 65 39 : 42 “60 135 : 148 (*) . O16 : 54 : §2 (*) . 49 oor : at ® Arthritie (1. e, pelvis and lumber and caudal vertebran heavily caicified and fused). ‘Included with lumbar and caudal vertehrae. Tasun IT Spe content of biopsy samiples of caudal vertebrae from injected adult male and female rhesus monkeys, the first two offspring of an injected female, and one control female. Tnjected animals received 35 uC Sr% intravenously Aninial Rosy. Stupe. Estimated age at __ -..2.) --| sampling 5 @yr -.. 5.5-6 yr... 3.5 yr... 20mg... .. 10 mo... ... 3-3.5 yr. _.| . | ~-f ..| -| -| Samples of milk were obtained from Rosy for four successive days shortly after the birth of her second infant. Table IL] shows the Sr level in the milk, the daily fecal excretion rate at that time, and the Sr® content of plasma 1 month later. Exceptfor the first sample taken 3 days posipartum, the milk concentration was from three to four times that in the plasma. The blood-count data have proved to he of Days postinjection Rource ” Tied . tat] 688.0... 2. 2 Hooper Fdn .. ..j 628.200... -- --do .. «| OF LL... na -| Commereial.... 2. (98 for mother)... Rory and Stupe .. (402 for mother). . fo... dow... None-coutrol . . Commercial, . Bodyae ‘ ke) 4,85 ibd 3.35 2.95 1.99 3.84 dpm sie vertebrae x x x x x x Table IV gives the Sr” contentof the first two infant monkeys 3 months after birth, and 8 days after birth of the third as determined by in vivo scintillation counting. The last two lines in Table IT show the Sr® burdens calculated from bone biopsy samples for the two older monkeys, Willie and Betty, at 20 and 10 months of age, respectively. The Sr® burdens of these animals apparently had no ill effect upon their growth rate, as shown in Figure 5. The growth rates of the three siblings wereveryclose to that reported by Pickering et al. [26] for infant monkeys of this species raised under similar conditions. During GROWTH OF THREE RHESUS MONKEYS. BORN TO S90 BEARING MOTHER 106 10¢ 108 102 10? 10! eae ae” 3.2 8.2 11g 3.6 + 107 3.7 x 107° 2x 107% - © LC =2,22 x 10¢dnm; body burdenbased on estimatefrom Table I that Se concentration In eattdal vertebrae ts representative of total skeletal Br: reneeah content. of monkey hone (plus marrow) takenas 27.5%; percent body weight of hone estimatedat 18%for infants and femates and 10% for * Actual measured body hurden15 aC; error of estimate of this sort Is thus In the range of W%. Sr” in Infant Monkeys “an| Retimated 8boa Ee teaee 2.95 5.95 1.53 5.5 8.3 2.35 eolony late in 1954 of a blood parasite similar to Bartonella. Theoriginal infected animals were destroyed, but Rosy and Stupe apparentlystill remain carriers, and the parasite is now endemic in the colony, aeo) DAYS OF AGE Friaure §.—Growth of three rhesus monkeys bern ww Srbearing muther, 179 the first 6 months to a year the blood counts of all three infants were within normal limits.* Samples of pooled urine and feces from Betty at 14 and 140 days of age contained 260 dpm/ day and 38.6 dpm/day, indicating that the Sr” acquired by placental transfer was eliminated fairly rapidly. Nearly a year after birth (305 days), Willie, the oldest, was still exereting Sr® in the feces at a relatively high level: 205 dpm/ day. Morc recent excretion samples from these two animals have not yet been analyzed. Onthe basis of the data in Table IV, and the calculated body burdens shown in Table IT, approximate half times for elimination of Sr® during thefirst 10 months of life were calculated for the (wo older infants: 195 days for Willie, and 155 days for Betty. Extrapolation back to the timeof birth of these two infants provides a rough estimate of the placental transfer of Sr®, Io the first-born, Willie, placental transfer accounted for about. 0.3 wC Sr™, or 3 percent. of the mother’s retained dose; the retention by the mother was calculated from her half-time value of 315 days. Rosy received her Sr injection halfway through the second trimester of her first pregnancy. The exirapolated Sr™ content for the second offspring, Betty, was slightly more than 0.15 eC, 2.9 percent of the mother's retained dose 402 days postinjection. Wher Henry, the third offspring, was 8 days old, an in vivo count was on the borderline of the sensitivity of the counting method, and the Sr® burden was estimated at something less than 0.1 2C, or slightly more than the 3 percent calculated for the other (wo. Although the number of individuals was small, and the measure~ ments subject. to errors of about 15 percent, placental transfer of a gradually declining burden of Sr” can be estimated at something close to 3 percent of that in the mother shortly before the birth of the infant. 8 At age [4 mo Betty's red blood cell count dropped to less than one mitlion. .4 few days later she succumbed, apparently as the result of infection with tha blood parasite mentioned above. Her skeleton 18 currently being processed for assay WU was infeetod at the same time but responded lo a lieroic course af treatment with “Araten,"chloroquin hydrochloride (Wintlirop-Stcarns), and massiveLnjectionsof liver, Iron, and folic acid. His red cell count has remalnedat from 4.1 to 4.5 millon for the past $ months, and he has continued to gain welght at an apparently normalrate.