ll. The Rongelapese have been given periodic medical examinaticas. The condition of the group two years after the fallout was summarized as follows in the report of the medical team which conducted the examinations: "The medical survey of the Rongelap people two years after exposure to fallout radiation shows that the people appear to have been in a generally good state of health and nutrition and are making satisfactory recovery from their radiation exposure. Serious illness has occurred in two individuals but neither these illnesses nor clinical findings in other individuals can be attributed to radiation effects. One death in May 1956, that of a 46-year- old Ronselap man, was due to hypertensive heart disease. Previous examinations had shown that the disease was undoubtedly present at the time of exposure to fallout radiation. "There is evidence of continued improvement of hemopoiesis. The mean lymphocyte count is slightly increased over the one-year levels, but is still slightly below the mean control count. The mean platelet level is about the same as found at one year after exposure and is still slightly below the control level. The mean neutrophile count at one year after exposure had reached the control level. The delay in complete recovery of lymphocytes and platelets is similar to that reported in the twoyear follow-up studies of the Japanese casualties of the atomic bombings. Evidence from the Marshallese experience indicates that the lowered levels of these blood elements have not lowered the resistance of the people to disease, and the present levels are not considered to represent a serious condition. "Residual changes in the skin from the beta irradiation continue to show improvement. Pigment aberrations are still evident in 15 cases and in four of these there is also scarring with some adherence of the skin to the subcutaneous tissue. However, there is no gross evidence of tissue breakdown or malignant change in any of these lesions, and surgical repair is not considered necessary at this time. Histological examination of skin biopsies at sites of radiation lesions shows residual effects of radiation damage, but no evidence or premalignant or malignant changes. "Ophthalmological survey reveals that there are no radiation-induced lens opacities, and the incidence of ocular lesions is similar in exposed and control populations. "The radiochemical analysis of the urine of the Rongelap people shows measurable activity which is - 24 ay nt of Ener ~ Departme ce fi Of s n’ Historia ARCHIVES Appendix "E"

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