Erom residual fallout is currently being reevaluated. TABLE I 1954 FALLOUT DOSE (RADS)~ Utirik Rongelap (a) Whole Body 14 175 (b) Thyroid Adult Children 30 30 - 95 335 335 - 1400 At the time of the fallout in 1954 the radiation dose to the thyroid glands was higher than the dose to the rest of the body because of selective absorption by the thyroid of radioiodines inhaled and ingested from contaminated food and water at the time of the fallout (see Table I). The radia- tion dose to the thyroid glands of the Utirik people was estimated to be about 30 rads for adults and between 30 and 95 rads for children compared with 335 rads for adults and up to 700-1400 rads for children exposed on Rongelap. By the time the people returmed to Utirik the radioiodines had virtually disappeared so that no further significant thyroid exposure was possible to anyone living on the island since that time. There has been a false belief among the people that thyroid nodules that develop in unexposed people living on Utirik are caused by lingering radiation. The dose from the lingering radiation is too small to produce thyroid effects. Thyroid nodules occur in people living throughout the Marshall Islands which, of course, are not due to radiation exposure. Thyroid cancer in the exposed Utirik people (which developed in the past few years) was unexpected. Statistical comparison of thyroid cancer incidence at Utirik with the larger experience of the United States indicates radiation very likely was involved. that Accordingly Dr. Conard recommended to the Department of Interior that all Utirik people who have thyroid operations be considered for compensation similarly to the Rongelap people. Compared with limited data on the unexposed Marshallese populations there has been