Table 23 MeanLevels of Peripheral Blood Elements of Populations Under Study Piat. ( x 10°") WBC (x 10-+) 1965 1966 Rongelap exposed 2742 75*(56)** — 7.392%1.7 (56) Rongelap unexposed Ailingnae exposed Utirik exposed 342> 95 (16) — 1965 — -—— Neut. ( x 107°) 1966 7LQZHLA (16) — 1965 682271.8(55) 1966 3.69+1.2 (56) 6.2422.3(15) 8.05 + 2.3199) 3.7721.5 (16) — 3.5741.4(54) 3.301.9(15) 4.452-1.8(98) Rongelap children of exposed parent(s) Rongelap children of 282> 71(124) — 7.34%2.2( 124) — 3.86 1.8(125) — 416130 (48) — 10.17%2.5 (48) — 4.4122.0 (48) — unexposed parents 3662 96 (69) _ 9912.6 (69) — 4.52+1.9 (69) — Lymph. ( x 10°') Het. (%) RBC ( x 10°*) 1965 1966 1965 1966 1965 1966 Rongelap exposed Ailingnae exposed Uurik exposed Rongelap unexposed 2.99+0.8 (56) 2.73+0.8 (16) — 2.82— 1.0( 124) 2.45+0.8(54) 231209015) 3.00 1.0(.98 3 — 402748 (56) 39.625.0 (16) — 40.5==5.0( 124) 39 +4.3(48) 39.744.6(15) 41.3227.0(88) — 427257 (50) 438253 (16) — 443253(11L) — — __ — exposed parent(s) Rongelap children of unexposed parents 4+.78+1.9 (48) 44141 (44) — 439-34 (64) — Rongeilap children of — 4.5541.5 (69) *Standard deviation. until the organ or tissue shows advanced morbidity. It is hoped that longitudinal studies of aging criteria in Rongelap individuals and groups may be more rewardingas time goes by. HEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES Hematological data are summarized in tables andfigures below, and the raw dataon individuals are presented in the appendices. The more heavily exposed Rongelap group whoreceived 175 rads are designated as ““Rongelap exposed,” the Rongelap people whoreceived a smaller exposure of 69 rads as “Ailingnae exposed,” and the larger unexposed comparison population of Rongelap as “unexposed.” Because of the small number of people in the Ailingnae group, their data were not treated as fully as those for the Rongelap groups, and are briefly summarized in a separate paragraph, The Utirik data are summarized separately also. Because of certain differences noted in age and sex groups between the exposed and the unexposed, in addition to the comparisons of mean 37.143.5 (48) — 36.4424 (69) . **Numberof people in group. levels for entire groups, comparisons are also made of age and sex groups. Ages 12 to 15, >15 to 40, and > 40 years for each sex are compared. The hematological data are summarized in Table 23 and in Figures 49 through 65. In Ap- pendices 8, 9, and 10 are presented summaries of the mean blood counts of the exposed populations and of the various comparison populationssince exposure in March 1954. In Appendices 11 and 12 are listed the individual blood counts for 1965 and 1966. In Appendix 13 basophil counts are presented. In 1966, hematological studies (ex- cluding platelets) were done only on the exposed populations of Rongelap, Ailingnae, and Utirik. Rongelap Population Leukocytes. The mean leukocyte levels were slightly lower at 11 years than at 10 years post exposure in both exposed and unexposed Rongelap people. At 12 years the exposed (unexposed not done) showed slightly lower levels than in 1965 (see Appendix 8). There was no appreciable difference in the exposed and unexposed leukocyte