isodose and isodose rate contour plots will be developed for the two
types of explosions, surface-land and surface-water, taking inte account

the time of fallout arrivel. Comparisons with other models and with
nuclear data will be carried out and the cloud geometry factor exanined.

The contricution which these upper yield limit data make to the develorment of scaling relationships can then be fully evaluatec.
Improvements of and seneralizations. on the experimental model are
exected te accomp ny the foregoing analyses. Use of the method as a
tool for forecastinz primary fellout arpears promising and will be exploren,

Additional development and evaluation of data on gamma field decay

wi11 te carried out. Ideelization of the decay curve from 5 to £00 hr
post detonation is expected to produce a simplified appro:dmation suitable for military planning and field use. This approximation may reduce
to two straisnt line functions on a logaritumtc plot, one covering the
period from 5 to 50 hr, and the other, 50 to 5CU hr. Later decay is
assumed to follow the normal fission product function.
763

SPECIFIC CCNCLYSIONS
The following conclusions present evaluation of data on primery

fallout at CASTLE:
(a)

Gamma fields fron fallout decayed at rates differing from the

t7++2 approximation common to fission weapons. Tne extent of this difference is militarily inportant over certain time periods.

(b)

Fallout from the surface land detonations was in the forn of

irrezular solid particulates. The geometric mean particle diameter decreésed with distance from the shot points; for Shot 1 the peometric
mean veried from 112 H at Fikini Atoll to45 p at Utirik Atoll.

(c)
Of the solid particulates studied, approximately 25 per cent
Were inective with their mean particle size smaller than the active.
(a)
The average density of the solid particles from Shot 1 was

2.36 g/eu cm
(e)

Little data were obtained on the nature of the fallout from

overevater shots.

There was some indirect evidence that the fallout

50 nautical miles fron Shot 2 arrived as a fine mist or aerosol.

(f)
Time and rate of arrival of fallout were documented only within the atolls by Project 2.5a. towever, limited results on more distant
isinnIs were obtained for Shot 1. Arrival was characterized by a rapid
rise te a peak followed by a decline which, in the measurement of gamma
dose-rate, merged imperceptibly with radioactive decay. ‘iaterial first

arrived at approximately 1/2 hr after detonation and contimed for

1-1/2 to 2 hr.
(g)

A contimous 100 hr unshielded exposure after the detonation

of a 15-'T device on land will result in a minimum free field total dose
of 1% r over an erea as large as 25,000 sq mi.
(nh)
The development of an experimental model has provided a means
of recoistructing fallout patt«rns using limited gamma ficld data end a
coiprenensive analysis of the . steorolozical situation as arplici to
farticle trajectories.
Conclusions as to the usefulness of free-flo-ting buoy stations for
102

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