Document Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Announcement: EDB9402
Subfile:
ETD (Energy Technology Data Exchange).
US DOE Project/NonDOE Project: NP
Country of Origin: Israel
Country of Publication: United States
IIA
(DOE contractor)
t
r
Abstract: The fallout from nuclear weapons tests conducted on Bikini Atoll
Island in 1954 resulted in contamination of soil with Cesium 137. To
develop effective regimes for decontaminating the Bikini Atoll’soil,
the exchange of Cs for K, Na, and other cations on the soil must be
understood.
Samples of soils made homoionic with K,
Na,
or Ca were
reacted with solutions containing Cs ions, and the quantities of Cs
sorbed and the rates of exchange were measured. The samples were then
reacted with solutions containing K, Na, or Ca, and the quantities of
Cs desorbed and the rates of exchange were again measured. Samples made
homoionic with Na had a greater ion exchange capacity than samples made
homoionic with K, and, in both cases, the ion exchange capacity
increased with the organic matter content of the soil. For samples
pretreated with Ca, the ion exchange capacity is not related ina
simple way to the organic matter content. The kinetics were assessed by
plotting the rate of exchange vs. the time and vs. the quantity
exchanged. A first-order equation was obeyed during most of the run in
Cs desorption experiments and during a limited part of the run in Cs
adsorption experiments. An increase in the rate of Cs exchange was
observed at the beginning of the experiments especially for Cs
adsorption. This increase is presumably due to an increase of the ionic
strength of the liquid phase during the exchange process. 33 refs., 9
figs., 2 tabs.
Major Descriptors: *BIKINI -- FALLOUT; *BIKINI -- LAND RECLAMATION; *CESIUM
-- CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS; *CESIUM -- ION EXCHANGE
Descriptors: ADSORPTION; CALCIUM; CATIONS; DESORPTION; NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS;
ORGANIC MATTER; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; SOILS
Broader Terms: ALKALI METALS; ALKALINE EARTH METALS; CHARGED PARTICLES;
ELEMENTS; EXPLOSIONS; IONS; ISLANDS; KINETICS; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MATTER
7; METALS; MICRONESIA; OCEANIA; REACTION KINETICS; SORPTION
Subject Categories:
Use Studies
--
540250*
(1990-)
540230
-- Environment,
& Transport -- (1990-)
10/5/304
03599019
-- Environment,
Terrestrial -- Site Resource &
Terrestrial -- Radioactive Materials Monitoring
(Item 4 from file:
EDB-94-014985
103)
Title: The technical basis for air pathway assessment of resuspended
radioactive aerosols: LLNL experiences at seven sites around the world
Author (s)/Editor(s): Shinn, J.H.
Corporate
Source:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab.,
CA
(United States)
(Code: 9513035)
~
Sponsoring Organization:
DOE
USDOE, Washington, DC (United States)
Conference Title: The technical basis for measuring, modeling and
mitigating toxic aerosols
Conference Location:
26-30 Sep 1993
Publication Date:
Report Number(s):
Order Number:
Albuquerque,
NM
(United States)
Conference Date:
Sep 1993
(12 p)
UCRL-JC-115045
CONF -930914--1
DE94003626
Contract Number
(DOE):
W-7405-ENG-48
Document Type: Report; Conference Literature
Language: English
Journal Announcement: EDB9402
Availability: OSTI;
NTIS;
GPO Dep
Distribution:
Subfile:
ERA
Exchange);
(Report) :0
(Energy
NTS
(NTIS).
(MF):4
MN-702;
TIC
(Technical
Research
US DOE Project/NonDOE Project: P
Country of Origin: United States
MN-707
Abstracts);
200
ETD
(Energy Technology Data
Information Center)