By 1972 several Bikini families had moved to the atoll and along with workmen moved over to Bikini Island to live. They first lived in temporary housing left over from the testing program, but moved into the concrete houses several years later when they were completed. Since that time several other families moved to the atoll and the number of people increased from 60-70 to 143 (many new children) at the time of the survey in 1978. they were removed from the island down to Kili again. 4. In August 1978 Environmental Monitoring During the cleanup operation on Bikini another radiological survey was conducted. The results of this survey showed that radiation levels were not very different from those reported in the 1967 survey. Following this a number of surveys were made at Bikini, plotting external radiation levels and radiological analyses of air, soil, water, plants and marine life. will not attempt to summarize the results in this report. I These surveys were carried out by various groups including teams of scientists from the University of Washington, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory and a comprehensive group from Brookhaven National Laboratory. Plans to build homes in the interior of the island in 1975 resulted in more extensive surveys on Bikini which showed levels in the interior of the island to be prohibitive as home sites. It was also found that higher levels of activity than had been estimated were present in pandanus and breadfruit and resulted in restriction of consumption of these homegrown products. These findings were discussed with the people of Kili by U.S. officials and caused considerable unrest and unhappiness among these people, resulting in unfortunate accusations against us in the light of our earlier statements about the radiological safety of the island. This also resulted in a threatened suit against the U.S. with plans to have another medical team examine the people, etc. The threat of this suit soon abated when the lawyers were assured that there would be an aerial survey of all the northern Marshalls, including Bikini Atoll, which is now in progress. 5. Personnel Monitoring Uxrinalyses: Collections have been made annually on people living on Bikini for radiochemical urine analyses. These analyses were done by the Health and Safety Laboratory of DOE until 1977 and in DOE-sponsored labora- tories at Hanford, Los Alamos, and more recently at BNL. The principal radiological isotopes measured were 137¢s and 9°sr and, more recently, measurements of 239,240pu. These analyses were formally coordinated by our Medical Department here at BNL but recently responsibility has been trans- ferred to a group in our Safety & Environmental Protection Div. under Dr.J. Naidu. Gamma Spectrographic Analyses: Whole-body gamma counting (body measurement for 13/’cs) has been carried out using a "shadow shield" type of facility using radiation~-free lead bricks, which we had constructed for our surveys at Rongelap and Utirik. This facility has been set up in an airconditioned trailer aboard ship. Counts on the Bikini people were carried svt in 1974 and 1977 under the direction of Dr. S. Cohn (Medical Department} and in 1978 by Messers R. Miltenberger and N. Greenhouse (Safety and Environmental Protection Division) at BNL. 30532 18 —3-