COMPARISON OF SOIL SAMPLING TECHNIQUES AT ROCKY FLATS

D. E. Bernhardt, J. D. Bliss, and G. G. Eadie
Office of Radiation Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Las Vegas, Nevada

ABSTRACT

In May, 1977, a cooperative plutonium soil sampling project was conducted
by Rockwell International (Department of Energy contractor), Colorado
Department of Health, Jefferson County Department of Health, and the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-Office of Radiation Programs-Las
Vegas.
Each of the agencies collected five duplicate samples from four
distinctly different pedological and morphological settings around the
Rocky Flats Colorado Plant.
The sampling techniques included:
the
Rocky Flats O- to 5-cm depth technique (100-cm? area), the State of

Colorado one-eighth-inch depth technique (750-cm* area), the Jefferson

County technique (sizing of dust swept from a 4-m* area of the ground
surface), and two EPA techniques for samples of 0- to l-em (450-cm2
area) and 0- to 5-cm (500-cm* area) depth.
A limited number of depth
profile samples, down to 10 cm, were also collected by EPA.

The objectives of the project included assessing the variability and
reproducibility of the techniques, comparison of the results from the
various techniques, determining the applicability of the techniques to
different environmental conditions, and assessing how well the techniques
reflect the potential airborne hazard for resuspension of plutonium.
Results of the various techniques are also to be compared to the proposed
EPA guidance for transuranics in the environment (Federal Register,
42:60956, November 30, 1977), which is primarily based on activity in
the surface 1 cm of soil.
This paper presents a status report of results from the EPA samples
collected for this project.
The emphasis is on comparing the results
from l-cm and 5-cm depth samples.
The l-cm technique samples were based
on a composite of fifteen 30-cm@ subsamples and the 5-cm technique
includes a composite of five 100-cm? subsamples.
The preliminary results indicate that about one-third of the plutonium-239/240 activity per unit area detected in the 5-cm depth samples
was accounted for in the l-cm depth samples.
A limited number of
samples for the profile from 5 to 10 cm indicated about 20 percent of

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