EARTH SCIENCES
linear analysis, 08 apparent partial area rusoff productiom effect,
and the distribution of inttial loae. (BBB)
Geology
Refer alec to abstracts 10644 and 10722.
10443
(NYO-9634.1)
"71 AS A GEOCHEMICAL AND ECO.
LOGICAL TRACER. Progress Report, December 1, 1965October 31, 1906, Kokman, Truman P,; Edwerds, Raymond R,
(Carnegie Inet, of Tech., Pittsburgh, Pa. Dept. of Chemistry).
Noy, 30, 1986,
Contract AT(30-1}-3624,
43p,
Dep. mm, CFSTI
$3.00 cy, 0,65 mn.
Studies were made to exploit the natural occurrence of the longLived 4 thalf-Llife 18» 10" years) expected from spontantous and
induced fission of uranium and from cosmic-ray interactions with
the atmoephere, meteorites, and similarly exposed materials, and
the somewhat larger quantities introduced tnto the enviroument
through atomic energy activities. A substantial number of samples
of biclogical, mineral, and commercial fodine-bearing materials,
including some collected or processed before 1946, have been acquired. Chemical procedures for pre-irradiation isolation of iodine
and post~trradiation preparation for counting have been adapted to
the analytical specimens of interest. Many of the specimens have
been processed tc varying extents. Conditions have been estabUshed for the use of an existing y~y coincidensé detector syste nt
for the assy of '™] in relatively large (~gram) samples of todine,
and partially teated follow!ng four irradiations of natural and synthetle samples, Specifications have been formulated for a §-y
colucidence system for the aseay of '7] tp very small amounts im
emall (~mg) samples of iodine. (P.C.H.)
19644
(ORNL-TM-1681} STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT
OF RADIONUCLIDES THROUGH SATURATED POROUS MEDIA,
Bhaikh, M. U,; Jaooba, D, G.; Parker, F, L, (Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.). Jan, 1967. Contract W-7405-eng-26,
it6p, Dep. mn, CFSTI $3.00 cy, $0.65 mn,
Thewia,
Submitted to Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, Tenn.
A theoretical solution of water flow has been obtained for an inverted five-apot eratem with the injection woll located at the center
of a equare sandstone slab (6 feet by 6 feet hy 6 tnchea) and four
relief wells at the corners of a centered 3-foot square, oriented
in the same direction as the edges of the slab. Equations for
atream function, potential function, abd the velocities in the block
have been developed. From the distribution of velocities, in the
radial flow and distorted flow, {t hag been shown that the flow pattern is unaffected by wells up to « distance of 6 inches from the
Injection well. Equipotential contours, streamlines, and the flow
history of the system have been plotted by the computer. From the
sorption data obtained from linear flow cores, the time required
for the breakthrough of "ar and “'Ca has been found to be 8.5 and
6.2 times that of water, respectively, Using different linear Now
rates, coefficients of diepersion have been obtained using cures
of
sandst
bining the
solution
of the velocity distribu-
tion attributed to geometry with aolation dispersion at various
rates of linear flow, net solution breakthrough curves have beon
constructed. (F.8.)
104465
SELECTION OF GRAZING LAND DISTRICTS ACCORDING TO THE RADIOACTIVITY OF UNDERGROUND WATERS
OF UPPER CRETACEOUS PERIOD. Engasbey, 8. E. Doki.
Akad, Neuk Us, S6R, No, 7, 61~2(1966}, (fn Ruselen).
Uraaium and radium content fn underground waters wae studied
in the artesian basina in the Northwestern part of Middle Asia.
Many holes drilled at 146 to 450 m in depth indicated the presence
Of a ooknected united Bemoman-Turonian water-bearing complex.
A schematio distribution of drinking water districts wae estab
ee rine Pormisaibie uraniom norms aa 6 10% gf,
10646
RADIOACTIVE TRACING OF STORM RUNOFF ON A
Beioeoale DPCvASION OF aee
,
A,
¥.
908-26C1960),
New
Walee Kentingice).
,
a
7
‘The use of Au and SCr for tracing storm resclf on & Be~
acre natural catchment is described. Eaob activity -tima record .
ar the catchment oullet provided « hydrograph of eutflow of the
labeled drop of water. Consideration of theese regerds
cluriticattiva of the coecept of ccanrctration time, Meusared
values of this time of travel from the point moet remote from
‘the car-hrent outlet were found to depend malaly om the Hacharge,
aot nlesoe the chuation of rainfall eacess. Apolieatiaa af time af
travel mea tureme win to a nypher of hedrograph syatheste methOdes ta dia aged They auc ale providy information on aeveral
especie obtbe sore cumeti
ces dm Oe ee
tte et
—
104487
RADIOACTIVE TRACING OF STORM RUNOFF ON A
SMALL CATCHMENT, I, EXPERIMENTAL TECRNIQUE.
Pligrim, C. H. (Ustv. of New South Wales, Kenzington). J. Hy drol,, 4: 289-306 (1986),
A method was developed whereby radiolectopes were used for
direct measurement of travel times of storm ruaoff on a 96-acre
netural catchment. The primary objective wae to measure the
time of concentration, but the flow of water from varioua representative points on the catchment was aleo traced. The experimental technique and instrumentation are described. Several
probleme re@uited from the impossibility of predicting heavy
rain far in advance and from the field conditiona prevailing during
flood-producing rain. The methods used for overcoming these
problems are outlined. Two radiolsotopes, "Au and "Cr-EDTA,
were used, The requirements nd types of tracers are discussed,
together with safety aspects of the project and the performance
of the tracers. The performance of the “Cr-EDTA was moet
satistectory. (BBB)
1904468
GEOCHRONOLOGY AND ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY.
Tiltoa, G. R.; Davia, G, L.; Hart, 8. R.; Aldrich, L. T.: Melgar,
R, A; Gast, P. W. Carnegie Institution, Washingt, D, C.).
Carnegte Inst. Wash., Pap. Geophys.
No, 1440, 240-86
(Deo, 1964).
Theoretical and practical aspects of the use of U, Th. Pb, Sr,
Rb, Ar, and K isotopes for determining ages of minerals and
rocks are d
d. Aleo di
ibed is an |
tigation dealing
with the isotopic composition of lead in feldspars and galenas
of Hfferent ages which suggests ao yalue for the age of the earth
somewhat different from the currently quoted one of 4.55 x 10"
yr. This value is obtained by comparing the leotople com poeltion
of some modem terrestial lead with that of lead from the trollite
phase of tron meteorites, taken to be primordial lead, i.«., the
lead present in the carth when It was formed. A *’Pb- "Pb age
wae calculated by aseurning that the modern terrestrial lead has
evolved from the meteorite lead in a chemically closed system.
The taotopic composition cf lead from certain rocks cannot be
fitted to a closed sycc¢m growth curve for an earth that is 4.55
10 yr old. Instead, it appears that the source for the leads has
been enriched in uranium with reapect to lead by chemical transport. Allowance for the failure of the closed system condition
ylelda a min age of 4.7 » 10" yr for the earth. Also considered
are the legtopic composition of lead in volcanic rocks from the
Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the dating of orogenic phases in the Contre]
Alps with K- Ar ages for horablesde. (53B)
10449
CONCENTRATION OF Rg AND ITS DAUGHTER
PRODUCTS IN CERTAIN CZECHOSLOVAK MINES. Seve, Joeaf;
Cech, Jan. Prac, Lek., 18: 438-42(Dec, 1966), (fa Creoh).
The radiometric investigation was carried out a 22 coal and
12 ore mines [rom 1962 to 1965. The concentration of "Rn and
ite short-term daughter products were lnvestiguied; atientios
was aleo giren to the level of the external gamma radiation. In
11 mines radon concestrations were found which ware higher
than 30.6 pCi/l and in & mines thee concentrations were higher
than 100 pCi/1. Concentrations of the other substances invegti-
gated, as well ae the intensity of the external gamma radiation,
were very low, According to the Rn concentrations found, a
classification af the iavestiguied Caeohnelovak mines wae proposed. Precautions im the todividual groups were rr:
e.g.. More intensive ventilation, in certain casee, use of the
sare technical and hygienic mosgures an thoge used is mines
of radioactive crede ores. (suth)
19458
CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF TRORIUM AND URANIUM IN A
ZONED GRANITE BATROLITR, Ragtend, Paul C.; Billings.
Gele K.; Adame, Johan A. 5. (Rice Unis., Boustoa, Tex. Univ, of
North Carclina, Chapel Mull}. Geonkim, Cosmochim. Avta, 3
AT-33<Jaa, 1967},
+
Major element and redioractric senlysea were perfarted on
1?
samples
from the Euch
dt Rock betholith, Llane Uplift,
Twras. The major element deta are te agreement wtih cartier
‘work that the batholith ie net somed im the classical manner,
from more malic rocks along the margive to mors felsic in the
cove, but rather fp a mare compen fashion, Evidence [i cies 4
to wuggeet thal the raagma frectionated before andlor ring ero
placement reiner than after. Anctmalously high thorium and ures
wns valves con be correlated with the presence of allacst® and
abundant aphene, whereas the decrease is grantum - -tert with
irc peas ing irectionation may be g remit of lnc regaing!: effect: