19 August 1973 18.7 CHAPTER 18 THERMAL AND NUCLEAR RADIATION EFFECTS ON SURFACE SHIP PERSONNEL Section 18.7, Thermal and Nuclear Radiation Effects on Surface Ship Personnel, is a brief addendum to Chapter 18, which presently contains information only on effects of underwater shock. This addition points out possibilities of effects on those personnel exposed to thermal and nuclear radiation from water bursts, and presents the new risk and casualty criteria for combat troops. Differences are noted in environmental conditions and tasks of surface ship personnel from those encountered by ground conbat troops. In the following paragraphs, thermal and nuclear radiation risk and casualty criteria are specified for combat troops exposed to air or land-surface bursts. Brief note is made of certain water-burst phenomena producing thermal and nuclear radiation that may affect ship personnel in an environment differing markedly from that of combat troops. 18.7.1 Casualty and Risk Criteria Effects of thermal and nuclear radiation on personnel are presented in a number of published documents and reports. sent a summary of much of the information. Two recent documents pre- The first ts Personnel Risk and Casualty Criteria for Nuclear Weapons Effects @ which specifies new criteria for militarily significant effects on ground troops, and also contains an extensive list of references. This reference defines tt personnel risk criterion" as the level of exposure to a nuclear weapons effect such that specified incidences of casualties will occur, but neutralization of friendly troops will not occur. A "casualty criterion" is defined as the level of a particular weapons effect parameter at which permanent combat ineffectiveness (personnel unable to perform any task) will occur within 50% of the population exposed to that level. The specified new criteria for combat troops (termed CDC criteria in the remainder of this section) are given in Table 18-2. os i’ 18-25 — rr ne eee nacemeee ee peter ee ee ee eee