2 rary village was constructed for the Rongelap people (including the 18 from Ailingnae) on Majuro Atollseveral hundred miles to the south, wherethey lived for the following 34% years and were examined at yearly intervals by a special medical team. In July 1957, after careful evaluation of radioactive contamination, Rongelap Island was consideredsafe for habitation. A new village was constructed, and the Rongelap people were moved there by Navy ship. The annual medical surveys have since been carried out on Rongelap Island. A group of more than 100 Rongelap people, whowererelatives of the exposed people but had been awayfrom theisland at the time ofthe accident, moved back with the Rongelap people to their home island and have served as an ideal comparison population for the studies. The number has since increased to >200. Following the initial survey of the Utirik people on Kwajalein in 1954, repeat surveys have been carried owt on these people about every 3 years, including the 12year survey. In addition, during the past survey,as in the previous surveys, a visit was made to Kwajalein and Majuro Atolls for examination of a number of Rongelap people now residing at these atolls, and also groups of children who represent parts of the control group used for the growth and developmentstudies of the exposed children. The accumulation of data from these surveysis becoming increasingly voluminous. Since conditions have not been favorable for performance of extensive statistical analyses or use of electronic computing procedures to store and manipulate the others may have an opportunity to make further calculations if desired. Table | lists exposure data on the various populations involved in the fallout. In the following summary, except where data are broken down into more detail, the exposed group includes the people exposed on Rongelap and on Ailingnae (subject Nos. 1 to 86). Summaryof Past Findings Reports have been published on the medical findings of surveys made at the foliowing times after exposure: initial examination,’ 6 months,’ 1 year,’ 2 years,’ 3 years, 4 years,® 5 and 6 years,’ 7 years," 8 years,® and 9 and 10 years.'° Appendix 1 gives a more completelist of reports, including outside publications, on the results of medical sur- veys of the Marshallese exposed to fallout and in- cludes a section on the radiation ecological studies of these Islands published largely by the Univer- sity of Washington group. Thefollowingis a brief summary of the medical findings previously reported. Duringthefirst 24 to 48 hr after exposure, about *4 of the people exposed on Rongelap Island experienced anorexia and nausea. A few vomited and had diarrhea, manyalso experienced itching and burningofthe skin, and a few complained of lacrimation and burningof the eyes. None ofthese symptomswas notedin the Utirik people (14-rad group). Following this, the people remained asymptomatic until about 2 weeks after the acci- data, the annual surveyreports published bythis Laboratory are made as complete as possible. This dent, when cutaneous lesions and loss of hair de- of raw data, much ofit in appendices, so that amined, a few days after exposure, that the lym- report, therefore, includes a considerable amount veloped, due largely to beta irradiation of the skin. It was apparent when the people were first ex- Table | Summary of Fallout Effects Group* Composition Fallout observed Estimated gamma dose (rads) Extentof skin lesions Rongelap Ailingnae Rongerik Ctirik 64 Marshallese 18 Marshallese 28 Americans 157 Marshallese Heavy (snowlike) Moderate (mistlike) Moderate (mistlike) None 175 69 78 14 Extensive Less extensive Slight No skin lesions or epilation *Also exposed were 23 Japanese fishermen whoreceived a sublethal dose.