TABLE 2.
ALTERNATIVE METHODS TO REHABILITATE SOTL ON BIKINI ATOLL:
THETR MITIGATION
CHECK-LIST OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ANDO
A comparison and summary of the principal environmental effects of the major cleanup approaches (assigned roman
numerals} and their alternate components (arabic numerals) and subcomponents (alpha characters). The effects are
divided into two categories: unavoidable and avoidable, and measures to reduce or avoid adverse effects are listed
afterwards. The alternatives and components are presented in descending order of environmental preference after the
no-action alternative.
TYPE OF
ACTION
AVOIDABLE ADVERSE
EFFECTS
UNAVOIDABLE AOVERSE
EFFECTS
T.
NO ACTION (SPONTANEOUS DECAY OF UNSTABLE CESIUM)
] .
No action
° Continued social, cultural and
(of any kind)
economic effects indefinitely
° Lack of access to Bikini
Atoll for resettlement
2.
Oetay
able to the Bikinians
Continued social and cultural
Same as above
Monetary compensation for the istanders' inconvenience
Islanders resettle in a more desirable
and centralized location in the
interim
Restrictive diet and
activities
Ship or fly in fresh foods on a
regular basis. Enforce and monitor
dietary restrictions on locally grown
food
Restrictive diet and
Ship or fly in some fresh foods on a
impacts until resettlement
accomplished (80 years)
this alternative would be
unacceptable to the
Bikinians
3. Allow
resettlement but
only control diet
Assumption is made that none would be
accomplished.
Continued decentralized
occupation of islanders
on Kili and other less
desirable sites
this alternative is unaccept-
resettlement
MEASURES TO AVOID OR REDUCE
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Delayed consumption of locally
grown food for 80 years
this alternative would be unpo-
pular or unacceptable to the
Bikinians
4.
Phased or
partial resettlement (beginning
with Eneu Is.)
T1.
~ May be unacceptable to the
activities
Bikinians unless the early
cleanup of Bikini Island is
reqular basis. Enforce and monitor
dietary restrictions on locally grown
food
included.
NON SOTL EXCAVATION ALTERNATIVES
5. Chemical
treatment using
potassium ferti-
lizer (assumes
no removal of
Restrictive diet and
activities
Delayed consumption of locally
grown food for an unspecified time period (less than
80 years)
Minor localized increases in
marine productivity for
potassium fertilizers
ground cover)
containing nutrients
6.
Biological
Extraction
Destroy and. burn at least
Air and dust emissions from
Delayed consumption of
locally grown crops for a
old and new vegetation
that may be excessive
Restrictive diet and
activities
harvesting and burning of
some vegetation
time period not substan-
tially less than 80
years
7.
Washing
soil with seawater
Temporary disruption of
groundwater
Delayed consumption of locally
grown foods for a time
period not substan-
° Destroy some vegetation
o
Restrictive diet and
activities
a9) 33
Ld
'
Use potassium additives with reduced
levels of phosphate, nitrite, nitrate
or ammonium, if warranted
° Air emission controls, if warranted
Save important existing plants or
trees, if feasible
Ship or fly in fresh food
Revegetate with desirable plants
as soon a$ Soil salinity is decreased
Minimize removal of vegetation, especially valuable plants and trees
° Proper disposal of ash residues
Ship or fly in fresh food
tially less than 80
of
wo
* Ship or fly in fresh foods on a
regular basis. Enforce and monitor
dietary restrictions on locally grown
food
years
-
E-2a