BiSIC TECHNIQUES ND FUTURE STUDIZS
“The-basic fall-out forccasting technique used cn Operation C.STLE

was an adaptation of the methed outlined in ippendix FP of the Effecta of ._

itomic Weapons, revised September 1950s Essentially, this method e-nputes
the rectangular coordinates on the surface at which particles will fall
from a saries of hoights, provided the winds ot these heights are inow
and the time of fall cen be approximated from « consideration of -aerticle
sise distribution. The method was simplified to a considerable extent by

the successful application of graphical vectorial solutions to tha equaticns
and the aseumphion of workable empirical values of particle size (i.c. tins
of fall paromoters) following the DOG Suct of Operation GREENHOUSE, ..

descrirtion of the technique was contained in the GREBUOUSE Meteorclozical
Report. Morerecently, a detailed grariical solution based on the CREENHOUSS
method, was published in .ir Weather Service Manual 105-33, "Radicactivity

Ground Fall-out.Plot", datod 1 cugust 1991, revieed.ae (HSM 104-33 "Radio~
activity Fall-cat end RDEZ Plote", dated 2 dune 1952 and being currently
revised again.

11 of the above are essentially the same method, <iffering

primarily in technique. of applicationand in pefinenent of geaputati-ns and
assunptiome. iLL gave reasonably accurateresults, pricr to CASTLE, including
an aprarent conpetabllity with the shots of Operation IVT. Elaewherc in

this report, there are discussions devoted to assumptions, theorics and

apparent procfw relative to the validity of pre-C..STLE forecasting tochniques
to cope with large yields. Seme of the factors have been resolved on C..STLE;
others have not. The predominant unimow, thathas been af leest partially

resolved m C.STLE is that arising from questions of the variation of the

efficionsy of thie tyre offall~out forecasting with increased yields. Prior
to C/STLE, theonly shots
were thoae fired under rather umsual
circumstances. the first,
,was fired on the trailing edze
of a typhoon with a consequent extremely favorable wad pattern, with all
levels of the qhoud moving to the northeast. but with ac mecns whatsoever of

assessing the aataal fall-out pattern on the watcr.. The second, IVY Me

systen. being: that a1), fall-out. wag. errarentiy in the northwest quadrant
froa the ERSWEOK grammed sero... cgeinprnomanny 6f
the actual
downdnd fabbeut pethermware available, Ths,
was an aim

burst at approximately 1,500 feet, and, alth-ugh detonated
er a wind
system considered unfavorable for « surface shot at EXCVET, was cherecter= ~

ised ty the usual small’ ancunt of fall<out asecclated with air bursts.

ia cheery, there_apreared price to CiSTLE n> reason why tho system
shuld not be adequate to cope with the scheduled shots, exept that the

efficiency of the system to rredist fall-out beyond about siz hcurs was
seriously questioned and the entrapment characteristicg of the troropause

level were not. understocd even in general terms,

Por C.STLE it was assumed

that the period of fall-cut significant from a test and industrial stendard
point of view would be on the order of twelve hours. It wae alac assumed
that confidence could not reasomably be placed in significant trepring -f

D-2
ww ony

DCLOSRE

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