“ yp mabesd ore tet Tat be NaanDito wok a ata ab AES aREMZ Oe ee! * fa ~ ee hives dane wee be a aes Crate OW MRA Sa ateET Se ae he and eer Sa by retake TONCOLGGSS OF RADIONUCLIDES beh wee . 329 . curanee (sarcurisand}nead carcinohancetedy burh-dose cases 1 0.28 + © oyide dewiee mince from pono. vat Ma) individuals) no radiogenic dose-response expres ded i, sduaredd cspotential form [7 KD7e7 PP? where fo -incdence. O total Lele: doc Gmean) accumuvared to the time of diag- 4 Peostad Who theais ves repeot ob with later dara by the same eroup (£43) the careimorna noBoat the Th did noi fr a cantinuous function aver the enure dose va en anoeuzh tle sarco.ba dia Continued to ut fhe above function reasonabn wed, Yohe MAT aed Argonne ponulatiots are in process of being cambined for furtner study. conccnurant with the official redrement of Dr. Evans from MIT. This and retuted problems are consolidated in a Center for Radiobiology ” in the vision of Radiglogial Payses at tue Argonne Laboratory under lhe direction of Or. Rutert E. Rowland. Thus, this invaluable resource to the underStinding cf tho toxics vofaodroeacides inomen will itis greatly to be haped. contiaue in a owrtin iv “immortal” orgerizution, Currently known exposes are cxpected to survive well beyond the year 2000 and, from an epidemioiogcai standpoint, a complete study is essential. +t round, be. there appiars to be no wat ody burden of about 6.8 uCi of tous gives a close-fic to the dose“. hissical X-ray score’, a numerical ‘otal esperiments with alpha emitters wofen foese studies of alpha irradiation * us. ear at lower dose rates), aithough red tes domonstrate the effect. wforervently at the Argonne National aad: Hospital covers an identified group sven studied in some detail, Most of swceeanlfy. Finkel, Miller & Hasterlik wd et 243 cases, 23 bone sarcomas, 16 » taandd otttds, and 7 leukemias andaplastic Pot ely osvaruble unexposed population. Sid cases but without the complexity . woscurca Fora variety of reasons mp ate gs nasimum radium burdens ‘t241.5 a catculuted radiation dose in Taw fl ‘vaers rose more or less linearly, ii. ot Pretermunal ourden or about wr torden. No cases were found below “ble threshold appears in these to pee ‘calculation are used as applied -- . tne applicable rad doses in the oo soeeutin the MIT study. .ovtse relauon above the “ critica! ” a -tecducl, did rise with dose, again with ro Ty ue rads. Tie incidence of severe rome woos, and inc age distribution at inls rae tumer incidence that pin the range [60J-20,000 Radium-224 (Thoriumn-X) in fianuns.—An entirely separate population for determination of the carcinogenic effecis of deposited radium in man is a populatioa of about 2000 German subjects who received, shortly after World Wer VI, repeated injections of ?**Ra (Thorium-X, half-life 3.62 days). They received a bANSL-ACRH cases, With 777 ar soe - me oe mee ele The data are presented in vas, Sar sunarly with regard to “Otes teal Absa the pope fa Too salience rey aclonts nostruin cated ° Peteasthar’” fer itended treatment of ankylosing sponusHis, tubercuio.ss, and other d.sease on the initial recommendation of a country de. tor. Spiess (45) first described the population: 1178 names known, 802 individuals checked, now 897 (44). Fifty-three bone sarcomas have nowbeen reported with averace lime since the first injection srand'ng at 21 years for juveniles and 18 years tor the adulis. Incidence seemed to pe related more or Jess lineariy to the We atte wena Pasa with son. inconsistencies. The incidence ruts on this hesis was 1.49% per 100 rads aversive ckeletal dose for juveniles and 0.7°% per 106 rods in adults. The lowest average skeletal dose associated with a bone sefi Od wis 90 rds in an adult, about 12) rads in the combined juveriles. Thess minal calculaicd doses Gf they ere miiunal at all) are considerabl, betow the commaratle Qgures for radium-226 ¢}(#¥+1200 rads) This may represent a greater inheret efectiveness of the sl.crter-lived radium isotope, but the difference is more likely to be a matter of dosimetric calculation. As Spiess & Mays ceint out (45), the calculated dose from ?7*Rato the cells at potential risk, e.g, Hea sO issae yer FO pm inick asecent to vene surfaces, oo perhaps 9 tances bigher for 774. than the calculated average to bone. The short-lived iscloge expenws be. rere of its energy, she adnering to the bone surface tian afies Mreeecopih oo oo. the mineral mietciv. The result of 4 recalculation 1? dase un this Fan sd hes the lowest sur.oma dese from 7"*hKa and to reduce tre cote oo for 28 aed chmos: elimmcte, the apporent diiercnes an ' te, hoorneten om che Argonne cases is og raose res melo p a real difference ir effectiveness or a differ. dccuvarr os cafeulerons, che . that radiogenic tumors are occurring ame Rae PoP oe oc though mae proven, seg, 7 ‘ a. eb te yey PRRTI reeTRFeS . eae net y RRAae a cd . ve PEERSORTEMETRE NTT BRSENETRF in29r, Noes we “pyae LES ne,preted die ha:ae a pated ue, ren, Gta giracide San OTE vamhe Edie EHS Date moa Set er A eee gee ae, Mboe Rede, * Puredye gstnat oe Bae ek tg PE Py hha ma att tt he B 6 ieee* dee tye ok