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that the Ynesr no-threshold model can aehther be supported nor refuted wii:
much darger nonabers of exposees i the I dose demain, A full-blown oo :travers) bas roped ate >this mater and stl orobably not be settled tae ,
emes saustacuon und? studiss now it progress or planned can be complered,
Tee destal expert can couiibute saanicanth, and show clearly ui.
the aqasver is moi a sunpie one. Mays & Lhord (110) summarize 3 exiernss.CADET TICES meobeing vraded deses of radtostronuum and radiocalerim «
Wes, ral, pig and Gods. A linear relation does not ft the dose-respur‘
relanon very Ww al in anv of them andat low doses there 1s alwaysa lower Inciden:(frequeaiy zeros tnan predicted by a linear extrapolauien with no threshowd. 4
sariid type relation fits better. By contrast, the analysis by Mays et al (79) cz
sinedar expercimenis wit) acpaa emitters (pluronium, rudium, eto.) shows a bot
i tO a uncar po-loresnold celauon than io a sigmoid one. Tamplin & Govma:
(id3sinsist that ine ficear hypothesis is the only one mat fits the beaule-dog da: .
for alpha emitters. [f there is really a difference between the aipha and beta o:
bela-22mma emitters, as Mays’ analysis suggests, the direction is consiste:
with known differences in cell and tissue recovery fromeffects of the two king
of radiation, although other explanations may be just as valid.
An example of howrisk estimates differ with the model is seen in the analys «
of Mays & Lloyd. At doses below 1000 rads the projected risk (in man! in 7)

years is 1 >: 1 sarcomas'!0® person-rads for a “low-dose lier model”

4 -- 4 sarcomas '10'© person-rads for a dose squared mode! Thus the dulfere
is not trivial!
Other models have been presented. Rosenblatt (146, 147) utilizes a ince
dimensional surface logistic model to account for simultanecus contribut .
of Ce au and

lime

on

OsiePGsaflConig

iwidence

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Deagies

FecelViNg 3Pata

wn ft

radtastrontiom. and omplovs the Cutler-Ederer fe tndle onnhed (te
treat: ag deaths trom causes other than the one az issue. This logistic .voe re
se
iS not linear anywhere. Also, it permits age-related incidences th be calc:
wie
fe... 10° cumulative osteosarcoma incidence would occur ut ace 2
o
beagle} It is discussed in detail along with risk evaluations based oF
Goldinan & Bustad (49).
Mole (150) describes the probability of bone tumor in mouse and dog iscsi. ;
9°8r as directly proportional to the square of the number of bet 7 urvicte
envtied in the skeleton ser KHegram beady weight. This did mov appear ts have.
sowner for cipha enatkos. Re also generals bat ine dle ba dtaal ab wtiiey
ca'v*it, rat, and dog deren
nstrave essenually equa! cucic sensitivns of We cide
dst rendosteal ceilsi, a somewhat unexpected phenomenan.
Tonetiv. as remarkcd by Evans ef af (37) the finear nonthresnald mod.
Sy. ie Une sume vurcer of angered tinhs duals per perso i-rad regardless .
se
Hae exposere gest cs sobdivited ioune exnmoced graun. Tris has ae.
ew been ouos the somade effects of calation alth
rat to be tue foe cene ic etfecrs
loa ogy,
It must be oovious from al! this that none of the studies, man or anim:

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