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INTRODUCTION

Some of the nuclear devices fired in Operation REDWING during the
Spring of 1956 at the Eniwetok Proving Ground were detonated on or near
the surface of the lagoon water.

Up to this time, only limited data had

been gathered on the physical-chemical-radiological properties of individual fallout particles from such bursts.

Therefore, two events, Flathead

and Navajo, were selected as subjects for an extensive fallout study.

The nuclear devices fired were situated on steel barges anchored in

relatively deep lagoon water. The principal sources of material expected
to comprise the fallout were the barge complex, the surrounding seawater
and perhaps some lagoon bottom solids. It was hypothesized that sea
salts would constitute the major portion of any fallout. With this in mind,
a special reagent film!, quantitative for submicroscopic amounts of chloride, was developed. Since sea salts are hygroscopic, it was felt that

the fallout particles would pick up atmospheric water and arrive at the
sampling stations as slurry-like droplets. Therefore, the reagent film
was calibrated to measure this water content.” The influence of the barge
complex on particle composition was unassessed prior to the Operation.
Sampling stations were located at varying distances from the shot

points.

These stations were aboard anchored barges, type YFNB, and

manned ships, type YAGand LST. An array of specialized sampling
devices was located at each station. Particles collected in the incremental
type of collector, 354 were used for these fallout studies.

Since this de-

vice sequentially exposed trays containing chloride reagent film, particles could be classified by time of arrival. One of the ship sampling
stations was connected by an elevator device to a radiation-shielded laboratory, permitting almost immediate examination of fallout samples.

METHODS OF ANALYSIS
The analytical methods developed were so devised that the physical,

chemical, and radiological properties of the individual particles could

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