uo
mistor Calorimete.s recorded radiant exposures 0 a
The NRDL thermal data agreed with
those taken
by CWL.
yrhbe™
Teak and Orange Results (Programs 1, 2,4,6,8, and 9)
Program A: Blast and Atmospheric Measurements and Vulnerability
Studies
This program was divided into four distinct projects and each will be
discussed separately.
Project 1.7 had as its objective the documenting of surface and nearsurface air blast, pressure-time measurements. Standard PT and VLP self-
recording pressure gauges were employed, and electronic recording gages
utilizing a strain-type pressure transducer provided back-up detection. Stations were located on Johnston Island, and aboard ships. Ground level pres-
sures varied from about §M§lom Teak at a slant range of 395,000 ft
to
ues
rom Orange at a slant range of 179,000 ft. The pressure val~
measured at the surface and near surface were considerably lower than
were predicted. Assuming ee: for both shots, the pressure meas-
urements indicated only a 10 To
per cent blast efficiency at these altitudes
in comparison to the standard 45 to 50 per cent for surface or near-surface
detonations. These percentages, based on the modiffed Sachs scaling laws,
indicate quite a reduction in blast efficiency for high altitude detonations.
Lack of verified scaling procedures for these very high altitudes precludes
the possibility of drawing firm conclusions at this time.
The objective of Project 9.1d was to obtain supporting atmospheric
data for shot Teak. Instrumented Nike-Asp sounding rockets were fired,
and the falling sphere technique was used to determine density, pressure,
and temperature as a function of altitude between 200,000 and 300,000 ft.
The sphere contained a transit time accelerometer to measure drag
acceleration, a telemetry system to relay accelerometer transit times to a
ground station, and a DPN-19 beacon to provide, in conjunction with a MSQ-
1A tracking radar, space position data. An IBM 650 computer was available
to resolve the raw data to solutions for density, temperature, and pressure.
All four soundings were unsuccessful, and firing of subsequent rounds
was canceled. Component failures within the sphere were the primary reason that upper atmosphere data were not obtained.
Project 8.6 had as its objective the obtaining of information concerning
weapon inputs and corresponding structural effects during high altitude detonations of nuclear weapons.
The data would be useful in evaluating the effect-
{veness of nuclear warhéads as the energy source for destruction of an in-
coming ICBM. A jettisonable {instrumented pod was affixed to each of the
Teak and Orange Redstone missiles. The pods, ejected prior to burnout,
were placed in close proximity to the device at burst time and were designed
to be recovered. A two-stage parachute system slowed water entry to pre-
clude hydrodynamic impact damage, and varied devices were installed on the
pod to facilitate its location, After a 10-hr daylight search by air and surface craft the hunt for the Orange pod was abandoned, and no data were re-
covered.
Recovery was successful on Teak, however, and there appeared to
be large thermal X-ray induced mechanical impulses of even greater inten40
AFWL/HO