4582 Maryland Parkway WATER RESOURCES CENTER Oa Dr. Las Vegas, Nevada 89109 (702) 736-2293 Desert Research Institute — University of Nevada System February 11, 1980 Richard O. Energy Systems Gilbert Department Battelle-Northwest Laboratory P.O. Box 999 Richland, WA 99352 Dear Dick: Sorry to be so long in sending references on the Shrinkage estimator (James-Stein). The theoretical work is in a paper by Stein in the 3rd Berkeley Symposium on Prof. and Stat. in 1955, 197-206, and in a paper by James and Stein in the 4th Berkeley Symposium in 1961, 361-379. A good introduction is an article by Efron and Morris in Scientific American of May, 1974. Some other articles are: Efron Efron Efron Efron Moore and and and and and Morris Morris Morris Morris Brook JASA JASA Ann. Ann. Ann. 68(1973) 117-130 70(1975) 311-319 Stat. 4 (1976) 11-21 Stat. 4 (1976) 22-32 Stat. 6 (1978) 917-919 As I mentioned, there are practical advantages to using this estimator in that the shrinkage toward the mean may have the effect of eliminating quarter hectare averages above 40 pCi/gm. On the other hand there may be philosophical objections. Sincerely, ™~ Forest L. Miller, Jr. Research Professor FLM: ds Water Resources Center @ Energy and Atmospheric Environment Center Applied Ecalogy and Physiology Center « Human Systems Center