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For particular isotopes these further assumptions are made about retention of ingested
elements:
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(1) Sr-89, 90—10% retention in skeleton (PE=factor of 1.5).
(2) Ba-140-~5% retention in skeleton (PE—factorof 2).
(3) I-131--30% retention in thyroid (PE=—factor of 1.5).
The infinity dose to the pertinent organ, as computed from these assumptions, is listed in
Table 5 for a fallout of 1 KT/mi’.
To estimate the intake of fission products through inhalation, these assumptions are made:
(1) Breathing rate, per kg of body weight, is 0.15 liters/min. (PE=—factor of 1.5,
depending on body weight).
(2) Activity per unit mass of air breathed is equal to the average activity/unit mass
throughout the troposphere (PE=factor of 3).
(3) Fallout is exponential in time, the instantaneous rate of fallout being that associated with a half-life of 20 days for troposphere debris (PE—factor of 1.5).
These assumptions are made about the retention of the various elements:
(1) Sr-89, 90—-10% retention in skeleton (PE=—factor of 3).
(2) Ba~-140—5% retention in skeleton (PE-factor of 3).
(3) I-131—20%retention in thyroid (PE—factor of 2).
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5. Fission product inhalation:
The infinity doses from these isotopes to the organs in question are listed in Table 5.
C. Final Word:
It is impractical to evaluate further these deductions about fallout and hazard from resultant radiation dose. It is clear that more accurate experimental and observational data are
needed at numerous points in the chain of reasoning. However, it is also obvious that there
are several qualitatively different hazards whose absolute and relative significance depends upon
many factors which are not included in this study. Dominant among these factors are the
conditions of debris formation (surface vs. air bursts, stratosphere vs. troposphere debris clouds,
season of year), the extent of economic and sociological chaos which is contemporaneous with
fallout, and philosophical judgments as to the comparative importance of radiological and other
hazards of war to various segments of the world’s population.
20
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