RADIATION STANDARDS, INCLUDING FALLOUT 331 is a tenth of a microcurie. This is the working or occupational permissible level. Representative Price. What do you estimate the original levels or average levels to have been ? Dr. Hasrerirx. Some early estimates would seem to indicate that they were probably a factor of 50 to 100 times as high as these later numbers. I think a reasonable number—and some animal data that will be presented in the immediate future by Finkel and Miller would make it seem that perhaps they are only a factor of 20 higher. But this would bring them up considerably higher than the present occupational permissible level. To answer your question specifically, the levels might have been as high as 90 to 100 microcuries at the time these persons were working, or they might have been as low as 10 microcuries at the time the people were working. Representative Prics. How much of a bone exposure do you estimate was received by these persons? Dr. Hasreriix. It is not possible to answer that question, sir. If you wantto estimate an average dose from all the forms of radiation, the beta, alpha, and gamma, I could give you a range from a few hundred to several hundred thousand rads in the same individual, depending on radiation dose to individual cells or a smoothed-out general distribution. I don’t think a numberis meaningful in this case. Itis, however, a large radiation dose. Representative Price. On page 8 youstate it may be possible to add to the three groups referred to, one more point at the 0.01 to 0.1 microcurie range. Do the other groups have bone cancer cases at 0.01 to 0.1 micorcurie range? a Siayest SE St tn tt REURACEETE oe 5 Bt ARERR De Dr. Hasteriix. No, sir. Representative Prick. They do not? Dr. Hasrerii«. No, sir. Representative Price. You state that most of the other excess malignancies were of the thyroid gland and occurred in children given 200 roentgensormore. Have all ofthe thyroidcases died ? Dr. Hasrertik. None havedied, sir. Representative Price. Dr. Dunham statedin his testimony that they had responded fairly well to treatment and they evidently have. Dr. Hasrerrix. Yes. Some of them have been treated with radioiodine. Representative Prick. On page 10 youstate that no significant data in the last 3 years throw light on the question of shortening of lifespan following total bodyirradiation at low dose level rates. What do you recommend we do along research lines which might accelerate our progress for this or other important questions to be resolved? Dr. Hasreruix. I think studies, as I intimated, will have to go forward on this question in the small experimental animal because of the small numbers of individuals irraciated. The largest population group that one could possibly study exists in the State of Kerala in India where there are perhaps 100,000 people who have from 10 to 30 times the lifetime radiation exposure dose we have. The numbers there are also possibly too small to derive meaningful estimates of shortening of lifespan. In addition, the problems of infectious dis86853—62—pt. 122 serene