The first and most obvious action appears to be to exclude men from the contaminated areas and second, to exclude animals which contribute to his food supply directly. Since the area is not in cultivation, a recommendation for some positive action is not needed, and a recommendation to maintain it in its present uncultivated state is the equivalent of no action. Exclusion of men the exporeducing and grazing animals will provide for not only sure of men and prevent a Pu contribution to his food supply, but will undoubtedly also decrease the amount of Pu carried with surface materials into the atmosphere. This will occur because there will be a reduction in the amounts of smaller Pu-bearing The small particles carried into the atmosphere from this cause. particle disturbance contribution to atmospheric movement would undoubtedly also be reduced. It has to be recognized that some provisions must be made to carry out this exclusion for a very long time if the half-life of Pu isotopes are taken into consideration. It is difficult to conceive that this is a serious problem in light of present conditions. NTS is an arid region with little potential for food production above the minimal need for a few families, and the possibility of population pressures from our culture seem remote as long as large-scale irrigation is not feasible. Moreover, we appear to be at a point of decreasing population pressures due to a decreasing birthrate. Even with population pressures, the areas required would scarcely be significant from overall produc- tivity. If the area continues into the future to be considered as a grazing area, which seems its greatest potential at present, there may be some positive benefits to exclude plots from grazing whether or not they are contaminated because these areas may serve as seed production and distribution centers. Overgrazing is at present a common problem in much of the Western United States, particularly in the more arid regions. Exclusion areas might in fact serve also as sites for maintaining native species of animals as well, principally, small mammals and birds. Wild horses and burros should be excluded because of the physical disturbance caused by these animals. Antelope and deer might be allowed access if the surrounding area is not overgrazed and the 175