other shots having the san order of magnitude arrived at al). sampling
stations during the first hour after the detonation. Extrapolation of

the beta activity indicated rates as high as 1.3x1014 d/min,1 to 6

minutes after the detonation.
Cumilative residual activity levels, which are calculated

values reflecting the activity arriving during an interval as well as
the decay of residual activity deposited in previous intervals,are

also shown in Figures 3.5 to 3.17. The cumlative activity levels
indicate that if personnel were in such areas of fallout at later
times, they would generally not be subject to an activity level and
also a doso rate greater than that which existed at the beginning of
fallout.
These results are considered to exclude the small percentage
of activity with energies below 0.4 Mev; also, all activity detected

is considered a primary beta particle. Tha results also do not in«
clude gamma activity in the fallout; it can be assumed that such gamma

activity will be roughly proportional to the beta activity. In general,
most of the activity had arrived at a given station within 3 to 6
hours after the detonation, with small amounts continuing to arrive up
to at least 12 hr after the detonation.
Any fallout occurring at a station 12 hr after a detonation
is, in general, not reflected in the IFC activity results. It is
known, for example, that light fallout occurred on the Oboe-Tare chain
the night after Shot 2. It is possible that such fallout my have ar=
rived elsewhere at the atoll both after Shot 2 and after the other

shots; however, such fallout at late times should generally be minor.
There is a possibility that some of the activity collected
during the later time intervals had reached the ground during earlier

times and was redistributed by the wind.

It is also possible that the

shock wave from a detonation wuld also raise fallout from earlier

shots off the ground. This fallout could then be redistributed by the

wind. Such an effect was quite possible on the Dog=George chain after
Shot 2 and possible at both other Shot 2 stations and after Shot 4 at

all stations. It is believed that this effect from Shot 3 is remote
because of the low yield of the device which would produce correspond=ingly low shock waves. Shots 1 and 6 locetions and sampling stations
were in essentially uncontaminated locations. ©

30402

Cloud Action Based upon Cloud Photography and Wind Vectors

Project 9.1 photography indicated that the Shot 1 cloud expanded horizontally very rapidly during the first few minutes after
the detonation; it was 7.2 miles in diameter 1 min after the shot and

70 miles in diameter 10 min after the shot.13/ Such rapid expansion

may be the reason that fallout was observed so soon after the detona=tion. The fallout intensity was greatest at the downwind stations on
the north and east sides of the shot atoll.

As would be expected from

observing the wind vectors for Shot 1 (Appendix B), fallout was mch

less intense at the cross-wimi stations.

The clouds and/or stems from Shots

2, 4 and 6 spread almost

as rapidly as the Shot 1 cloud, 13/ but the wind vectors existing during Shots 2 ami 6 (Appendix B) precluded the“possibility of much sig-

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