24 (7-year and 8-year surveys) have persisted. In comparison with the Greulich and Pyle standards, the skeletal development of Marshallese children was retarded at the same chronological agelevels. In addition, the exposed children were less mature than control children. The retardation was most prominent amongthose exposed during infancy to the fallout radiation (see Figure 18). Skeletal age values during successive examinationsof this particular group of children are shown in Table 15. These data covering the period since 1958 are being published in detail elsewhere.’ Complete tables of anthropometric measurements on the Marshallese children dating back to the early surveys are presented in Appendices 11 through 16. Ophthalmological Findings Figure 18. Brothers. Marked retardation in statural growth is shown bythe older (shorter) brother (No. 3, on the right) who was exposed at age 18 months. The younger by 21 months(No. 83, on the left) is taller by 13 cm. The retarded boy shows no evidence of hyperthyroidism or skeletal disease clinically, other than markedly delayed osseous maturation. Ophthalmological examinations were carried out in 1964 on 68 exposed, 45 children of exposed, and 190 people in the comparison population; a total of 303 people. As noted in previous surveys, there was an increased incidence of large corneas and enlarged tortuous retinal vessels and a lower incidence of myopia, strabismus, amblyopia ex anopsia,retinitis pigmentosa, retinoblastoma, and congenital glaucoma. The incidence of arcus senilis is higher in the Marshallese than in similar age groups in the United States, which is in keeping with the gen- Table 15 Skeletal Age Developmentin Children Born Between July 1952 and February 1953 Skeletal age (S.A.) values at successive examinations, years Sex Age at exposure, months C.A*=4 yr C.A.=6 yr C.A.=8 yr C.A.=9 yr C.A.= 10 yr 2 3 5 M M M 16 17 16 32 2% 3% 4% 2% 3M 6 3 3% 7% 3 3% 8% 3 NE* 65 F 15 24% 3% 6% 8 M F F F 12 c* Cc Cc 3% NE NE NE M Cc Subject No. 6 M 33 F 996 F 54 955 962 980 814 16 20 Cc 3 5M 6% 5 62 914 NE NE NE 84 10 NE NE NE 6% 9% 10 7% 8% 10 10 7% NE 5% 8 9 *C.A.=chronological age; NE=not examined; C=not exposed (control). 566550 1 6 8% 10 9 NE 11 10% 9% NE 10'4 10