One-half the sample is analyzed for strontium-90 and strontium-89
strontium carrier is added and the strontium is precipitated from
first as the carbonate then as the nitrate. Further purification
barium chromate precipitation and hydroxide scavenging. After an

as follows:
the samples
is made by
ingrowth

period, yttrium carrier is added and the yttrium is extracted into TTA
(2-thenolytrifluoroacetate) at pH = 5.0 The yttrium is stripped from the
TTA with dilute nitric acid, precipitated as the oxalate and beta counted for
yttrium-90.
The strontium is precipitated as the carbonate and beta counted

for total radio-strontium.

The strontium-89 activity is calculated from the

total radio-strontium measurement after correction for the strontium-90 content.

Analysis of the other half of the sample for the plutonium isotopes is briefly
‘described below: Plutonium-236 tracer is added, the plutonium reduced to the
+3 state and co-precipitated with lanthanum fluoride. The lanthanum fluoride
is converted to lanthanum hydroxide, dissolved in 7.2 M nitric acid and the
plutonium oxidized to the +4 state. The solution is passed over an anion
exchange resin in the nitrate form. The resin is washed with additional nitric
acid and then with 9 M hydrochloric acid. The plutonium is then eluted from
the resin with a mixture of 0.36 M hydrochloric acid and 0.01 M hydrofluoric

acid, electroplated onto a stainless steel planchet from a sulfuric acid-ammonium

=

Daas cogARIEP ae chasse ae tn chtae mae Fy ae RE OREN permet
.

sulfate electrolyte, and counted with a silicon surface barrier detector linked
to a multichannel analyzer. With the sample electroplated onto a 3.1 em? area,
the counting efficiency is ~314 and the resolution 75 KeV.

The minimum detectable quantities are 0.10 fCi/m3, 0.40 £Ci/m3, and 9.003 £Ci/m?

for strontium-90, strontium-89 and the plutonium isotopes respectively.

The

maximum 20 counting error for the strontium-90 is 25 percent of the reported value,

although in the majority of cases the 20 counting error is approximately 10
percent of the reported value. The corresponding values for strontium-89 are
about twice as high. The maximum 20 counting errors are 50 percent and 67 percent
of the reported values for plutonium-239 and plutonium-238 respectively, but are
appreciably lower as the results increase above the minimum detectable levels.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

The results of strontium-90 analyses of ground level airborne particulates from
monthly composite samples are presented tn Figure 1. Difficulties in sampling
and analysis caused the loss of two samples

(October 1963 and August 1967), and

during a change over in personnel responsible for collection and analysis of the
data, several months of ambiguous data (September, October, November, and
December 1967) occurred.

Figure 1 illustrates the expected spring maximum which

occurs each year and which appears to be extremely reproducible in terms of time
of appearance. A line (solid) indicating the expected spring maximum highs, based
on the strontium~90 concentrations in the spring of 1964 and a stratospheric residence
of half-time of ten months,
is shown. The expected strontium-90 curve (dashed),
having the shape of the 1964 curve because no fresh tntrusion of material occurred
until the end of that year, is also shown.

The difference in the expected and

actual curves indicates strontium-90 of post 1963 origin was present.

Select target paragraph3