BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB

312

[Vou 91

had essentially the same average Sr-90 content (ca. 100 me/mi?) as samples
collected in 1957 immediately after contamination.
Of the 43 animals collected one year after fallout (1958), the bone ash
of 41 contained Sr-90 equivalent to > 10 Sr Units. Of the 53 animals collected 3.7 years after fallout (1961), the bone ash of 39 contained Sr-90
equivalent to < 10 Sr Units, and only 14 contained Sr-90 equivalent to > 10
Sr Units. All the 1961 animals found to have higher levels of Sr-90 in their
bones were judged, on the basis of weight, to be members of the older age
groups. Since the average life-span of jack rabbits is about 3.2 years, the
older animals collected in 1961 could have been present during the first
year after fallout. Most of the animals collected in 1958 probably were
present at the time of fallout.
Table 10. Sr-90 in jack rabbits and soils of areas contaminated by fallout from the
Nevada Test Site*.,
.
Miles

Sr Units in

Sr-90 me/mi? in Soils

from NTS

JackRabbit

Total**

<1
2
80
140
205
350

50.4
23.9
215
13.8
12.9
20.9

9014
933
142
41
32
67

one

ota

Acid

Percent

980
58
18
27
16
48

10.9
6.2
13.0
66.7
50.3
7138

Soluble***

Soluble

* Samples collected in 1958.
** Based on sodium carbonate fusion method of analysis

*** Based on extraction with 6 N HCl
After: Larson et al. (1962).

Table 10 illustrates the relationship between Sr-90 in the soils of areas
contaminated by fallout from the Nevada Test Site and the concentration of
Sr-90 in the bones of jack rabbits living in those areas. As indicated by these
data, the highest levels of Sr-90 in rabbit populations are associated with
higher concentrations of Sr-90 in soils, but the relationship is not linear.
Large increases in the total or acid soluble Sr-90 content of soils may be
accompanied byrelatively small increases in the Sr-90 content of jack rabbit
boneash.
4, Discussion. While the results of these and similar studies in other
areas close to the Nevada Test Site are not conclusive, they may be explained
mn relation to the following observations.
Both solubility and particle size have been suggested (Bryant et al. 1960,
Lindberg et al. 1959) as indices of the ‘‘biological availability’’ of Sr-90
fallout. The ‘‘availability’’ of Sr-90 to the animals living in a fallout contaminated area depends on ‘‘availability’’ for ingestion and on ‘‘availability for assimilation’’ during its passage throughthe eut. It has been demonstrated that Sr-90 is associated primarily with fallout particles < 44p

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