mol. 34: 909-13 (1955).

34. Byrnes, V.A., Eye injuries in nuclear warfare, Wail
tary Medicine, April 1956, pp. 286-92.
35. Cocax, D.G., Donacpson, D.D., ano Reese, A.B.,

Clinical and pathological characteristics of radiation

cataracts, AMA Arch. Ophthalmol. 47: 355 (1955).
36. DukE-E per, S., Textbook of Ophthalmology, Vol. 6,

pp. 6569-71, Mosby, Sc. Louis, 1954.

37. Hirose, K. anp Fuarno, T., Cataracts due to atomic
bomb, Acta Ophthalmol. Japon. 54: 449 (1950).

38. Sinskey, R.M., The status of lenticular opacities
caused by atomic radiation, Amer. J. Ophthalmol. 39:
285 (1953).
39. Fujinaca, Y., One hundred-fifty cases of A-bomb
cataracts, Jap. Rev. Clin. Ophthalmol. (Ganka Rinsho

Tho) 63: 101-3 (1971).

40. Merriam, G.R. Jr. anp Focut, E.F., A clinical study
of radiation cataracts and the relationship to dose,
Amer. J. Roentgenol. Radium Ther. Nucl. Med. 77: 759-

85 (1957).

41. Greuticu, W.W. ano Pyte, 8.1, Radtographic Atlas of
Skeletal Development of the Hand and Wrist, 2nd ed.,

Stanford University Press, Stanford, Calif., 1959.
42. Greuticn, W.W., Dorman, R.I., Catcupoze, H.R.,
SoLtomon, C.I., anp Cu.otra, C.S., Somatic and en-

docrine studies of puberal and adolescentboys, in
Monographs of the Soctetyfor Research in Child Develop-

ment, Vol. 7, No. 3, National Research Council,
Washington, D.C., 1942.

43. SHUTTLEworTH, F.K., The adolescent period: a pictorial atlas, in Monographs of the Societyfor Research in

Child Development, Vol. 14, No. 50, Child Develop-

ment Publications, Evanston, IIl., 1951.
44. Becsxy, J.L. anp Brot, W.J., Adult stature in relation to childhood exposure to the atomic bombsof
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Amer. J. Pub. Health Nat.
Heaith 635: 489-94 (1975):
45. Surow, W.W. anp Conarp, R.A., Effects ofionizing
radiation in children, j/. Pe~:st. 67: 658-73 (1965).
46. DanL, L.K. ano Love, R..4., Etiological role of
sodium chloride intake in essential hypertension,
J-A.M.A. 164: 397-400 (1957).
47. Upton, A.C., Ionizing radiation and the aging process, J. Gerontol. 12: 306 (1957).
48. Casanett, G.W., Similarities and contrasts between

radiation and time pathology, Advan. Gerontol. Res. 1:
109 (1964).

49. Upton, A.C, Koanact, A.W., Furtu, J., CuristenBERRY, K.W., AND Bennett, W.H., Some delayed ef-

fects of atomic bomb radiation in mice, Cancer Res.

20: 1 (1960).

50. Sectser, R. anp Santwatt, P.E., The influence of
occupational exposure to radiation on the mortality
of Americanradiologists and other medical specialists, Amer. J. Epidemiol. 81: 2 (1965).

51. WarR_EN, S. anD LomsBagp, O.M., New data on the

effects of ionizing radiation on radiologists, Arch. En-

viron. Health 13: 415 (1966).
52. ANDeRsON, R.E., Key, C.R., Yamamoto, T., ano
TuHorstunp, T., Aging in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
atomic bomb survivors, Amer. J. Pathol. 75: 1-11 (1974).

53. Hotuixcswortn, J.W., Isuu,G., axp Conarpn. R.A,
Skin aging and hatr graying, Hiroshima, Atomic Bomb
Casualty Commission Technical Report T-60, 1960.
34. Hotuscswortn, J.W., HasHizume. A., aND JABLON,

D., Correlations between tests of aging in Hiroshima
subjects, an attempt to define “physiological age,”

Yale J. Biol. Med. 38: 11 (1963).
55. Beese, G.W., Kato, H. anp Lanop, C.E., Mortality
and radiation dose, atomic bomb survivors, 19501966, in 4th Int. Radiat. Res. Conf, Ezian, 1970, TR tl-

70, ABCC, NAS-NRC,1970.
56. ANDERSON, R.E., Longevity in radiated human populations with particular reference to the atomic bomb
survivors, Amer. J. Med. 55: 643-56 (1973).

57. Conarp, R.A., An attempt to quantify someclinical
criteria of aging, /. Gerontol. 15: 358-65 (1960).

58. Conarp, R.A., Lowrey, A., ErcHer, M., THompson,
K., ano Scott, W.A., Aging studies in a Marshallese

population exposed to radioactive fallout in 1954, in

Radtation and Aging, pp. 345-60, P. J. Lindopand G.A.
Sacher, Editors, Taylor and Francis, London, 1966.
59. Conarp, R.A., Demotse, C.F., Scott, W.A., axp

Makar, M., Immunohematological studies of Mar-

shali Islanders sixteen years after fallout radiation

exposure, /. Gerontol. 26: 28-36 (1971),
60. Conarn,R.A., Effects of ionizing radiations on aging
and life shortening in human populations, Front.
Radiat. Ther. Oncol. 6: 486-98 (1972),
61. Yanc, H. anp Conarop, R.A., Effect of aging on ace-

tate incorporation in nuclei of lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin, Life Ser. Pt. 2, 11:
677-84 (1972).

62. Wacrorp, R.L., The [immunologic Theory ofAging, p.
31, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1969.

63. Demoise, C.F. ann Conarp, R.A., Effects of age and
radiation exposure on chromosomes in a Marshall

Islands population, J. Gerontol. 27: 197-201 (1972).
64. West, K.M., Diabetes in American Indians and

other native populations of the New World, Diabetes

23: 841 (1974).

65. Stoan, N.R., Ethnic distribution of diabetes mellitus

in Hawaii, /.A.M.A. 183: 123 (1963).

66. Prior, 1.A.M., A health survey in a rural Maori

community with particular emphasis on cardiovascular, nutritional, and metabolic findings, New Zealand Med. J. 61: 333 (1962).
67. Prior, L.A.M., The epidemiology of diabetes in Polynesians and Europeans in New Zealand and the
Pacific, New Zealand Med. J. 63: 375 (1966).

68. Prior, L.A.M., Ross, 5.8., Harvey, H.P.S., anp

Davinson, F., Hyperuremia, gout, and diabetic abnormality in Polynesian people, Lancet 1: 336 (1966).
69. Prior, I.A.M., The price of civilization, Nutrition To-

day 6: 2 (1971).
70. Tuttocn, J.A., Diabetes Mellitus in the Tropics, pp. 2631, E. and S. Livingstone, London, 1962.
71. Lisco, H. anp Conarp, R.A., Chromosomestudies

on Marshall Islanders exposed to fallout radiation,

Science 157: 445-7 (1967).

72. IsHiHara, T. AND KumaTort, T., Chromosomeaberrations in human leukocytes irradiated ir vivo and in

ortro, Acta Haematol. Japon. 28: 291 (1965).

ala

radiation from the atomic bomb, AMA Arch. Ophthal-

Select target paragraph3