\ X -li6found in monazite sands, which exist to some extent in the United States, Ceylon, and the Netherlands Last Indies, but to a mich greater extent in Brazil and British India, The Smyth Report states merely that thorium has "no apparent advantage over uranium" (paragraph 2.21), but how important are its disadvantages is not stated. At any rate, it has been publicly announced that thorium is already being used in a pilot plant for the productipn of atomic energy set up in Canada,3? In considering the availability of ores to p powers, it is always necessary to bear in mind that accessibility is not determined exclusively by national boundaries. Accessibility depends on a combination of geographic, political, and power conditions and on whether the situation is one of war or peace. During wartime a great nation will obviously enjoy the oreresources ea ee both of allied countries and of those territorieswhichits armies have overrum, re eee rd on. soe ae on ee ie pee et eT re ee thoughinthefuturethe oresmadeavailableonlyaftertheoutbreak of hostilities_may-notbeof much importance, Because of the political orientation of Czechoslovakia towards the Soviet Union, the latter will most likely gain in peacetime the use of the Joachimsthal ores 410 just as the United States enjoys the use of the immensely richer deposits of Canada. The ores of the Belgian Congo will in peacetime be made available to those countries which can either have the confidence of or coerce the Belgian Governgent (unless the matter is decided by an international instrument to which Belgium is a party); in a time of general war thesameores wouldbecontrolled by the nation or nations whose te ee 39+ New York Herald Tribune, December 18, 1915, p. 4. Incidentally, the Canadian pile is the first one to use the much-discussed "heavy-water" (which contains the heavy hydrogen or deuterium atom) as a moderator in place of the graphite (carbon) used in the American piles. ho. However, lir. Jan Masaryk, Czechoslovak Foreign Minister, asserted ina speech before the Assembly of the U.N.O. on January 17, 1946 that "no CzechoSlovak uranium will be used for destructive purposes." Jew York Times, January 18, 1946, p. 8. 45D