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sss PRENTICE, SIRI, BERLIN, HYDE, PARSONS, JOINER, AND LAWRENCE
increased from‘ 27 liters/day‘to12.8 Mters/day,
e ed
‘turnover innormal’ ea
iteeis
The difficulties that‘confront effortsto’‘interpret body water metabolism indisease states could
doubtless be resolvedif body fat could be deter-
mined at the same time. It seems reasonable that
if body water can be expressed relative to lean
body mass,its significance in disease could be more
clearly defined. Although a method now in de-
velopment for measuring body fat may be applicable
to patients, the existing methods are cither not
sufficiently reliable, or they are impractical for use
with sick subjects.
SUMMARY
"1. Total body water has been determined with
tritium labeled water in 57 individuals. Twenty
were: normal and the remainder were suffering
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deuterium.
3. The difference betweeri antipyrine and tritium
body water volumes is accounted for by exchange
of tritium with protein bound hydrogen.
4. Body water determinations vary greatly from
individual to individual, the variations in proportion reflecting for the most part variation in
body fat. In pathologic states, where the lean
body mass cannot be assumed to remain constant in composition, body water determinations
are of limited value without a method for quantitating fat.
REFERENCES
1. Siri, W.,. Unpublished data.
2. Robinson, C. V.. A methane, proportional counting
method for the assay of tritium. Rev. Scient. In-
struments, 1951, 22, 353.
3. Mitchell, H. H., Hamilton, T. S, Steggerda, F. R,
and Bean, H. W., The chemical composition of the
mat
IU} 306
Pp
NEY eRe
: Mat wthAG os,
2. Tritium appears to measure the same water
volume as deuterium, averaging 2 to 4% higher
than with antipyrine, and undergoes a similar degree of exchange with organic molecules as does
ate
SRT
ee wa.
-
a
aa
2
vat
ey
:
a!
°
.
.
7
oer
oi
wt as
ets
3
Peas
.
;
2
from a variety of disease states.
eee capiPea
adult human body and its bearing on the biochem-
istry of growth. J. Biol. Chem, 1945, 158, 625.
, the biologicalhalf-tife.wasFe duced:Lac10days. "4, Lavietes;
P.H., D’Esopo, L. M., and Harrison, H. E.,
“to 2.5 days,ill
“The water and base balanceof the body. J. Cin.
Invest, 1935, 14, 251.
5, Rathbun, E., and Pace, N., Studies on body composition. I. Determination of total body fat by means of
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6. Osserman, E. F., Pitts, G. C, Welham, W. C., and
Behnke, A. R., In vivo measurement of body fat
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8 DaCosta, E., and Clayton, R, Report of the fat and
water content and the specific gravity of the total
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components with suggestions for application to man.
J. Biol. Chem., 1945, 158, 677.
10. Pace, N., Kline, L., Schachman, H. K., and Harfenist,
M., Studies on body composition. IV. Use of ra-
dioactive hydrogen for measurement in vivo of
total body water. J. Biol. Chem., 1947, 168, 459.
‘Ll. Schloerb, P. R. Friis-Hansen, B. J., Edelman, I. S.,
Solomon, A. K., and Moore, F. D., The measure-
ment of total body water in the human subject by
deuterium oxide dilution. J. Clin. Invest. 1950,
29, 1296.
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sorption, distribution and excretion of tritium in
man and animals.
sion.
The Atomic Energy Commis-
Report LA-1218, March 12, 1951.
13. Brodie, B. B., Axelrod, J.. Soberman, R., and Levy,
B. B., The estimation of antipyrine in biological
materials.
J, Biol. Chem. 1949, 179, 25.
14. Soberman, R., Brodie, B. B., Levy, B. B., Axelrod, J.,
Hallander, V., and Steele, J. M., The use of anti-
pyrine in the measurementof total body water in
man.
J. Biol. Chem. 1949, 179, 31.
1S. Pace, N., Unpublished data.
16. Ussing, H. H., The exchange of H and D atoms between water and protein is vivo and im vitro.
Skandinayv. Arch. f. Physiol. 1938, 78, 225.
17. Steele, J. M., Berger, E. Y., Dunning, M. F., and
Brodie, B. B., Total body water in man. Am. J.
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