the skeletal
surface.;
Major Descriptors:
*ALGAE -- RADIONUCLIDE MIGRATION; *AMERICIUM 241 --
UPTAKE; *CESIUM 137 -- UPTAKE; *COBALT 60 -- UPTAKE; *EUROPIUM 155 -UPTAKE; *PLUTONIUM 239 -- UPTAKE; *PLUTONIUM 240 -- UPTAKE; *RHODIUM
102 -- UPTAKE
Descriptors: DISTRIBUTION; ENIWETOK; EXPERIMENTAL DATA; MATHEMATICAL MODELS
; RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS
Broader Terms: ACTINIDE ISOTOPES; ACTINIDE NUCLEI; ALKALI METAL ISOTOPES;
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; AMERICIUM ISOTOPES; BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
; BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES; CESIUM
ISOTOPES; COBALT ISOTOPES; DATA; DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; ELECTRON
CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES; ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT; BEUROPIUM ISOTOPES;
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; EVEN-ODD NUCLEI; HEAVY NUCLEI; INFORMATION;
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI; INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES; ISLANDS;
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES; ISOTOPES; MARSHALL ISLANDS; MASS TRANSFER
; MICRONESIA; MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES; NUCLEI; NUMERICAL DATA;
OCEANIA; ODD-EVEN NUCLEI; ODD-ODD NUCLEI; PLANTS; PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES;
RADIOISOTOPES; RARE EARTH ISOTOPES; RARE EARTH NUCLEI; RHODIUM ISOTOPES
; YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
Subject Categories: 560174*
-- Radiation Effects -- Nuclide Kinetics &
Toxicology -- Microorganisms -- (-1987)
10/5/797
00767799
{Item.497 from file:
103)
ERA-06-022573; EDB-81-076060
Title: Survey of ciguatera at Enewetak and Bikini, Marshall Islands,
notes on the systematics and food habits of ciguatoxic fishes
Author(s): Randall, J.E.
Affiliation: Bernice P. Bishop Museum,
Honolulu,
Source: Fish. Bull. (United States)
v 78:2.
Publication Date: Apr 1980
p 201-249
Document Type: Journal Article
Language: English
Journal Announcement: EDB8106
Subfile:
ERA
Center).
(Energy
Research
HI
Coden:
Abstracts);
TIC
with
FSYBA
(Technical
Information
Country of Origin: United States
Abstract: A total of 551 specimens of 48 species of potentially ciguatoxic
fishes from Enewetak and 256 specimens of 23 species from Bikini,
Marshall Islands, were tested for ciguatoxin by feeding liver or liver
and viscera from these fishes to mongooses at 10% body weight (except
for sharks,
when only muscle tissue was used).
The fishes
are
representatives of the following families: Orectolobidae,
Carcharhinidae, Dasyatidae, Muraenidae, Holocentridae, Sphyraenidae,
Mugilidae, Serranidae, Lutjanidae, Lethrinidae, Carangidae, Scombridae,
Labridae, Scaridae, Acanthuridae, and Balistidae. The species selected
were all ones for which toxicity can be expected,
including the worst
offenders from reports of ciguatera throughout Oceania; only moderate
to large-sized adults were tested. In all, 37.3% of the fishes from
Enewetak and 19.7% from Bikini gave a positive reaction for ciguatoxin.
Because
liver and other viscera are more toxic than muscle,
the
investigated. Most of the highly toxic species, including seven of the
eight causing severe illness or death in the test animals (Lycodontis
javanicus, Cephalopholis argus, Epinephelus hoedtii, E. microdon,
Plectropomus leopardus, Aprion virescens,
primarily piscivorous.;
and Lutjanus bohar)
are
Major Descripters: *FISHES -- TOXINS; *TOXINS -- HEALTH HAZARDS
Descriptors: BEHAVIOR; COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS; DIET; ENVIRONMENTAL
EXPOSURE PATHWAY; FOOD CHAINS; INGESTION; LABORATORY ANIMALS; LIVER;
MARSHALL ISLANDS; METABOLISM; POISONING; PUBLIC HEALTH; QUANTITY RATIO;
SENSITIVITY; TOXICITY
500392
percentage of positive reactions at the level which might cause illness
in humans eating only the flesh of these fishes collectively would drop
to 16.2 for Enewetak and 1.4 for Bikini. This level of toxicity is not
regarded as high for Pacific islands, in general. Because ciguatoxin is
acquired through feeding, the food habits of these fishes were