~17levels to be higher than in the American team members and thus substantiated the findings reported on previous surveys, Radiochemical urine analyses - Radiochemical urine analyses of 24 hr. and pooled samples showed that cst? levels had decreased somewhat since 1958 (around 5 nC/1l in 1958 and 3 nC/1 in 1963), were about four times less, The levels in the Utirik samples The sr°0 levels in the Rongelap people were about the same or slightly less than in 1962, The levels in the Utirik people were more than four times less than in the Rongelap samples, Interpretation of these results in terms of body burdens of cst3? indicates that equilibriun with environmental contamination has been attained for that isotope, The fact that urinary excretion of sr?° showed no increase over 1962 levels is encouraging, SUMMARY This is an interim report of the medical surveys of the people of Rongelap and Utirik Islands at nine years after accidental exposure to fallout radiation in 1954, Only the major findings were outlined and details will be included in a combined Brookhaven National Laboratory report following the 10 year survey in 1964, Medical status of the people of these Islands during the past year had been generally good except for a poliomyelitis epidemic which involved some 23 children and 2 adults on Rongelap resulting in death of a 55 year old woman in the exposed group, Utirik was spared the epidemic, A total of 4 deaths had occurred in the exposed Rongelap group, 1 in a child of exposed parents, and 1 in a man in the unexposed comparison population, to radiation exposure, Deaths in the exposed group could not be related The six deaths that occurred on Utirik Island in the exposed population since the people were last examined four years ago appeared to represent about the usual mortality rate and no illnesses or deaths could be related to radiation exposure, Birth rates were about normal on both Islands during the