24
(7-year and 8-year surveys) have persisted. In
comparison with the Greulich and Pyle standards,
the skeletal development of Marshallese children

was retarded at the same chronological agelevels.

In addition, the exposed children were less mature

than control children. The retardation was most
prominent amongthose exposed during infancy to
the fallout radiation (see Figure 18). Skeletal age
values during successive examinationsof this particular group of children are shown in Table 15.

These data covering the period since 1958 are
being published in detail elsewhere.'* Complete
tables of anthropometric measurements on the
Marshallese children dating back to the early surveys are presented in Appendices |1 through 16.
Ophthaimological Findings
Ophthalmological examinations werecarried
out in 1964 on 68 exposed, 45 children of exposed,
and 190 people in the comparison population; a

total of 303 people.

Figure 18. Brothers. Marked retardation in statural
growth is shown by the older (shorter) brother (No. 3, on
the right) who was exposed at age [8 months. The younger
by 21 months (No. 83, on theleft) is caller by 13 cm. The
retarded boy shows no evidence of hyperthyroidism or
skeletal disease clinically, other than markedly delayed
osseous maturaucn.

As noted in previous surveys, there was an increased incidence of large corneas and enlarged
tortuous retinal vessels and a lower incidence of
myopia, strabismus, amblyopia ex anopsia,retinitis pigmentosa, retinoblastoma, and congenital
glaucoma.

The incidence of arcus senilis is higher in the

Marshallese than in similar age groups in the

United States, which is in keeping with the gen-

Table 15

Skeletal Age Developmentin Children Born Between July 1952 and February 1953
Skeletal age (S.A.) values at successive examinations, years

Subject No.

Sex

Age at
exposure, months

2
3
3
6
65
33

M
M
M
M
F
F

16
17
16
16
15
20

3%
2%
3h
3
2%
5

44
2%
3%
5%
3%
6%

54

M

12

3%

NE

955
962
980
996
814

F
F
F
F
M

c*
Cc
Cc
Cc
Cc

C.A.* = 4 yr

C.A.=6 yr

C.A.=8 yr
6
3
3%
6%
6
9%

7%
3
3%
8%
6%
10

8%
3
NE*
9
8
NE

94

10

il

NE
NE
NE
NE
NE

NE
NE
6%
NE
5%

*C.A. = chronological age; NE =not examined; C =not exposed (control).

10
7%
8%
8%
8

C.A=9 yr

10
7%
NE
10
9

C.A.= 10 vr

1054
al4
NE
10%
10

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