L.5o om.

fZaen nole

vas

c:2sed

‘ith siot-

ted 2-in-dcismeter toivvinvicarbonate
zipe that "3S exrenced 22 tne soil
surface.
minimize

The nits were rackrilled to
imvact

cn tne environment.

The first nole vas Located near the
island center.

The saiiniry or the

water waS ~easurec with an 7% stvu
conductivity probe.

Two noles were

then drilled on opposite sides or the
center hole and the saiinity measured

in each.
wells,

“ater was pumaed from the

filtered, and sampled.

Radio-

nuclides, cajor elemenrs, nutrients,
and bacteria were measured at the
Lawrence Livermore Laboratory to vdrovide data for water qualitv.

PLANT/SOTL [SAMPLING PROGRAM
Pursose:

The main thrust of the crogram -vas
to determine radionuclide concentrations

a day and sampled serially to deter-

various cepths,

The well network is available for
resampling.

the dynamics of radionuclide cycling
in the ground water reservoir and to

maintain a surveillance of the water
quality.

The program operation was

fashioned after our Enewetak ground
water study, and comparison of the
data from both atolls should be espe-

etally valuable for predicting the

correlate

=o determine nuclide

soils, and to relate the radioactivity
in food species to that in indigenous
nonfood species that have the poten=
tial to serve as indicator species.
The unique information that this survey provided is:
@

Soil-to-plant and soil-to-fruit
concentration factors for detectable radionuclides,

e

The relationship between food
species and nonfood species at
the same location,

®

Intra-island variability in
radionuclide concentration in

On subsequent trips to

the aroll ve plan to assess thoroughly

to

availabilicy to plants in the corai

mine changes in water cuality as a
function of usage.

Zrod species,

chese with soil concentrations at

Specific

wells were Dvumped continuously during

in

the vegetation,
@

and

<A data base for assessment of
terrestrial food chain transfer
of radioactivity from the soil
to man for long-term dose evai-~
uation following resettlement of

the atoll.
Methods and Measurements
The sampling program consisted of

mechanism and rates of cycling of the

the integration of a series of samples

constituents in ground water at Pacific

of food species with soil profile sam-

atolls.

ples obtained on an ad hoc, available

A complete report on the

Bikini and Eneu ground water sampling
:

,

:

°

8

and analysis has been sublished.

/

+

species basis.

All food species

growing and bearing fruit on Bikini

Select target paragraph3